
Creative technologist 💬 EN/DE/KO 👀#ux #hci #cscw #blockchain #ai · he/him
Tallinn, Estonia
Joined February 2009
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Paul Grau retweeted
Burnout is going to be a huge problem!
Working with AI is intense, the mind needs more rest. But AI is so productive that taking rest is costly. The real winners find the right balance.
Paul Grau retweeted
Rail Baltica is one of the European Union's flagship infrastructure projects, but it's also way over budget. Designed to bring the Baltics closer to Europe, parts of the rail line are already under construction in Latvia, Estonia and Lithuania. However, without a major boost in funding in the EU’s next Multiannual Financial Framework, construction may stall.
Read the full story by @pedersschaefer and @LoughlinNeuert: buff.ly/iSyplF1
Paul Grau retweeted
The ideal is no more than 3 paints:
- a busy state, local to the interaction
- a loading state for new pages
- the final content, animated in
Paul Grau retweeted
Looks like the new 3-country co-ordinated Vilnius-Riga-Valga-Tallinn train times have been announced! They start 6 January.
Paul Grau retweeted
Falling in love with TS follows the plot of a romantic comedy
I’ve spent some time on a TypeScript-first codebase this week¹.
I’ve now spent more time fighting against TS errors than actually writing out logic. In other words, I would have been twice as productive without it.
Out of all these warnings, how many actually helped me fix real bugs? None.
The original vision of TS was brilliant: Optional type hints that get you the benefits of type checking, without getting in the way when you don't need them. But at this point, TypeScript is no less painful than Java.
¹ No, that doesn’t mean my code is the wild west wrt typing. I prefer JSDoc + TS imports, which allow you to do truly optional typing and need no build tools.
Paul Grau retweeted
TLDR (2015-2024):
- Elon wanted to stop Demis & Deepmind from creating an AGI dictatorship.
- He appointed himself as a CEO.
- Greg and Ilya said: but Elon, now can easily become the AGI dictator.
- Sam had his own party going, trying to get control, Ilya accused him being driven by money and politics instead of AGI.
- Karpathy offered to merge OpenAi into Tesla. Elon liked the idea, others didn’t.
- Elon said, let’s merge it with Tesla so that Tesla funds openai and keeps it being non profit.
- Sam and Greg decided to find alternative ways to fund the company.
- Sam wanted to do an IC0. Elon said it’ll make people think OpenAi is a scam.
- They went for Microsoft deal instead.
- Elon didn’t like the Microsoft deal and wanted to be the CEO, so he left in 2018 and stopped funding them.
- Sam said he is enthusiastic about non profit future and earned CEO title.
- Sam turned OpenAI into capped profit
- Sam was fired by Ilya for thinking more about monetization than democratization of safe AGi.
- Sam was brought back by Satya and Twitter “openai is nothing without its people”
- Ilya was fired by Sam
- Sam turned openai into for-profit.
- Elon started XAI to build his own AgI
- Ilya started SSI to build safe AGI
- Greg left OpenAI, possibly tried to get into SSI, was rejected and returned back to Sam
- But it all doesn’t really matter anymore, since LLMs reached the ceiling of scaling and won’t lead us to the AGI
- Sam recently said “I know the worth to AGi now”, which is a fundraising play
That’s it. Good night.
Paul Grau retweeted
🚀 New Interactive Article: Overflow Clip
Explore how overflow: clip works in CSS and see why it’s useful with practical examples and demos.
Link below 👇
Paul Grau retweeted
Writes and Write-Nots: paulgraham.com/writes.html
Paul Grau retweeted
Europe, it's time for action! 🇪🇺
Join our petition for an EU-Inc:
A pan-European startup entity
Goal:
- fix investments
- fix europe-wide employment
- fix stock options
- unite the European startup ecosystems
We got 6 weeks to make this real!
Sign here: eu-inc.org
Paul Grau retweeted
This JS is going to be standardized as ES2025 🎉
Already supported by:
- Node 22
- Chrome 122
- TypeScript 5.6
ECMAScript excitement 😉
Congrats to @smooshMap on advancing the Iterator Helpers proposal to Stage 4 at @TC39 today 🎉
github.com/tc39/proposal-ite…
Paul Grau retweeted
One thing that sets AI apart from previous platform shifts, like mobile or cloud, is that it’s a wide open space for new UX paradigms. In AI, we have endless new problems that are being solved with no historical analog, leading to entirely new ways of interacting with software.
Paul Grau retweeted
Replying to @jake_gotta
In Japan they've recorded the date of peak cherry blossoms since the 9th century CE
Paul Grau retweeted

@levelsio@levelsio9 Sep 2024
EuropeConnected via Europe App StoreAccount-level information, not a live location or per-post device.
🇪🇺 eu/acc
A few weeks ago Mario Draghi asked my recommendations for his report that came out today about European competitiveness
I had a call with him and summarized my problems with doing business in the EU
I wrote this which is included in the report presented to the European Union today:
1. Minimum revenue cut offs for current and new regulation
Exempt small businesses with annual revenues below €10 million from complex regulations like VATMOSS, GDPR, the EU AI Act, and certain labor laws. This approach encourages innovation and growth by allowing startups to focus on product development and market validation without the heavy burden of regulatory compliance. Once these businesses surpass €10 million, they will have the resources to comply with regulations, ensuring that growth is not stifled.
2. Simplify starting a pan-EU business with an EU-wide Incorporation (Inc.) business form
Currently, starting and operating a business across the EU is complex due to 27 member states, each with its own company registration requirements. To streamline this process and make it easier for entrepreneurs to operate across Europe, there should be a single, standardized business entity that applies uniformly across all EU countries. I call this the European Inc.
3. Start an EU business fully online, no physical offices, notaries, lawyers etc
To continue, right now starting a business in most EU member states it’s complicated, very time and resource intensive, and often involves lawyers and notaries. Instead, it should be as simple as going online to a centralized EU website, where entrepreneurs can register their business and details in just a few clicks. The entire process should be streamlined and efficient, allowing businesses to start operating immediately.
The EU government taxes and bookkeeping of this business should also be fully online in an EU portal/dashboard.
4. 0% corporate tax for first 3 years of any new business
Countries like Singapore have successfully attracted new businesses from around the world by giving them a massive tax discount during the first 3 years of business. Because they know that’s the most difficult time of a business: figuring out what product it makes and if there’s a market for it. That takes pressure off startups and business founders that they can focus on creating a great product and innovating.
5. Change tax on stock options: don't tax when a stock option is exercised, but tax it when the stock is sold
The current tax policy in the EU taxes stock options at the time they are exercised, creating a significant financial burden on employees who have not yet realized any tangible financial gain. This approach stifles innovation, discourages entrepreneurship, and places the EU at a competitive disadvantage compared to other regions like the United States.
I propose a simple change: Tax stock options when the stock is sold, not when the option is exercised.
6. Don’t see tech or AI as an enemy, but as a burgeoning and essential industry
The most popular companies in tech are focused on AI right now for a reason. It’s the next frontier of computing. The European Union seems to consider AI the enemy. Any technology can be used for good or bad. By regulating it even before Europe has made much contributions (Europe has almost no tech companies leading in AI), it has stifled any potential innovation in AI from the start.
Apart from the regulation itself, the optics of it make the EU look bad on a global scale. Why would tech founders move to Europe to start a business if the EU is actively positioning itself as Anti-AI?
AI has gigantic potential to be used for good: think of the medical field for diagnosis of diseases, generally in programming (it helps programmers to create software faster/better), etc.
This goes further than AI. The same applies to tech in general. It seems the EU is on a crusade against technology while not being able to compete in it itself. It feels a case of sour grapes: if we can’t build great technology in EU, nobody is allowed to do so!
7. Teach tech/coding/AI topics in all schools and unis
It would help a lot if the EU has a focus on teaching AI and tech in schools and universities. Making the new generation competitive in this field instead. To secure the future prosperity of the European Union, we must prioritize education in technology, coding, and AI across all levels of schooling, from primary education to universities. This strategic focus is not just an educational reform—it’s a critical investment in the future competitiveness, innovation, and economic resilience of the EU.
Paul Grau retweeted
someone should write "Designing Data-Intensive UIs"
sorry if I've tweeted this exact thought before
If you're a developer and you haven't read Designing Data Intensive Applications, treat yourself.
It is an excellent introduction to data and distributed systems thinking, and it's one of the best written and most fun books on software.
For experienced developers, there is no other book I know of that packs a punch like this one.
I do not make any suggestions for any other software books until you say you've read this one.
And disregard the bits about scale, it is relevant for any developer that stores or passes along data between more than one system. That is, it is relevant for basically every developer.
Paul Grau retweeted
New post.
I tried to summarize my POV on Europe.
More importantly, i share share two small suggestions that, as a first step, could bring us back on track.
🇪🇺 eu/acc
klinger.io/posts/eu-acc
Paul Grau retweeted
It's here! 5.5 beta dropped.
5.5 is the most excited I've been about TypeScript since 4.1, when they released template literal types.
devblogs.microsoft.com/types…
Paul Grau retweeted
For the love of god just use an early return.
if (score >= 90) return "A";
if (score >= 80) return "B";
if (score >= 70) return "C";
if (score >= 60) return "D";
return "F";
Stop overcomplicating it.
This Post is from an account that no longer exists. Learn more
Paul Grau retweeted
How we redesigned the Linear UI (part Ⅱ)
In six weeks, we redesigned Linear’s UI. Discover the new UI and story behind it:
linear.app/blog/how-we-redes…

































