Graphite Kim

One of most fascinating tales of the medieval Roman Empire/Byzantium are the Beacons of Gondor...ehm... Anatolia. As yes, Tolkien was inspired by the 9th century Roman early warning system. Hilltop fire/smoke chain carrying a message of impending Abbasid raid from the Taurus on the eastern frontier, to Constantinople, where lighthouse (Pharos) of the Great Palace was lit, setting imperial tagmata (mobile field army) in action The system was reportedly devised in the reign of emperor Theophilos by Leo the Mathematician. But we are unsure how long it lasted. Probably disbanded following the Empire moving onto offensive under Macedonian dynasty. We do know, however, that similar system was reactivated by Manuel I Komnenos in the 12th century. Great visualization by @kuzeyokumaps

하와이 원주민들에게는 무능한 버러지 신들을 폐기해버리는 '신 버리기' 의례가 존재, 홍콩의 가난한 백성들은 조상들의 위패를 사당 밖으로 끌어내 불태워버렸고, 메히카인들은 하나님이 기도를 안들어주면 쌍욕을 내뱉었으며, 땅밟기 기우제를 하던 중세 성직자들은 안되면 성상을 강물에 빠뜨림.