Mucormycosis is a rapidly progressive, invasive fungal infection that causes severe disease. The latest epidemiologic data, risk factors, diagnostic strategies, and treatment approaches are discussed in a new review. 👉 nej.md/3ZsLZ21 Early diagnosis and initiation of antifungal therapy significantly reduce mortality among patients with mucormycosis and hematologic cancers, from approximately 80% to 40%. Accurate diagnosis of mucormycosis begins at the bedside with evaluation of symptoms and signs in patients at high risk (seen in figure). Although early symptoms and physical findings in patients with mucormycosis are often nonspecific, they carry important diagnostic significance in patient populations with high risk. Periorbital cellulitis, diplopia, focal palatal necrosis, and necrotic wounds in patients at high risk should cause serious concern for mucormycosis and lead to prompt assessment. Maintaining a high index of suspicion for mucormycosis in such patients can be the impetus for obtaining fluids and tissues for diagnostic analysis, ordering imaging procedures, initiating antifungal therapy, requesting surgical assessment, reversing immunodeficiencies, and correcting metabolic abnormalities. Learn more in the Review Article “Mucormycosis” by Dimitrios P. Kontoyiannis, MD, ScD, and Thomas J. Walsh, MD, from the University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center (@MDAndersonNews), Center for Innovative Therapeutics and Diagnostics, and University of Maryland School of Medicine (@UMmedschool): nej.md/3ZsLZ21