ALT is the population of the administrative city of Paris a good basis on which to compare the overall population of Paris with the population of other global cities? No, using only the administrative city of Paris (Ville de Paris) is a poor basis for comparing its population with other global cities. Why Administrative Limits Fail • Fixed Borders: The official city limits of Paris (intra muros) have not changed for over 160 years (stretching across just 105 square kilometres), unlike cities like London or New York that absorbed surrounding suburbs. • Artificial Smallness: The administrative city houses only about 2.1 million people, making Paris look deceptively small. • Exclusion of Suburbs: It completely cuts off the continuous, built-up urban area that spills past the Périphérique (ring road).

ALT Dumbbell chart comparing the percentage of articles using quasi-experimental (QE, red) and Big Five (dark blue) research designs across 15 criminology journals. Big Five percentages are higher in almost every journal. The largest difference is in the Journal of Experimental Criminology (34% Big Five versus 9% QE), followed by the Journal of Quantitative Criminology (10% versus 7%) and Criminology and Public Policy (8% versus 5%). In most other journals, both percentages are below 5%, with differences generally under 3 percentage points. The British Journal of Criminology and Legal and Criminological Psychology have approximately 0% for both categories.