Biology is likely to undergo a shift like Kuhn describes. Computer science types come into bio and bring their frameworks, without being conscious of how much their thinking is influenced by believing biology is just a ‘more complex computer.’ They’ll say, ‘It’s just like a computer, we’ll first model the cell, then a collection of cells, then the organism, then the society and so on.’ It won’t work. The collection of cells depend on instructions from the organism for their behaviour. The organism depends on the society. It can’t be recreated from the bottom up in layers like that. You can’t just skip over evolution. Many theories are looking like dead ends. E.g. so much work on finding and targeting driver mutations in cancer—but even if you could, theoretically, find all of them and target them, could you cure it? No. Why do we keep at it then? And why doesn’t it work?? Currently writing about this!!