ALT Gabriel J. Olguín-Orellana in a dark shirt standing in front of his poster

ALT Figure 1 Evolution of molecular graphics tools in structural biology. Timeline illustrating key milestones in the development of molecular visualization and model-building software from the mid-20th century to the present. The first 3D atomic model by Kendrew (1959) marked the beginning of physical molecular modeling. The introduction of FRODO (1978) by Alwyn Jones enabled interactive computer-assisted fitting of atomic coordinates into electron-density maps. The early 1990s saw the emergence of Kinemages (and the KiNG viewer, 1992) and RasMol (1992), pioneering accessible digital visualization of macromolecules. Subsequent tools such as VMD (1995), PyMOL (2000), CCP4 Molecular Graphics (2002), and Coot (2002) expanded functionalities for model refinement and analysis. The later development of Yasara (2014) and ChimeraX (2015) integrated high-performance rendering and interactive analysis, while Nanome (2018), Protein Imager (2020), and MolStar (2021) represent the new generation of v

ALT Left: Philip Rushton (Purdue University) Right: Ryu Williston (McGill University)