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Unified Diagnostic Services (UDS) is used by a majority of manufacturers as their diagnostics protocol. These SIDs (Service IDentifiers) are an interface to get or send requests to individual ECUs. Not all services will be supported on any individual ECU.(automotivedose.blogspot.com/…)

To get started with diagnostics, learn about ISO 15765-2 (ISO TP). This is the most common base protocol for diagnostic requests. (Image Credit: piembsystech.com/can-tp-prot…)

The most common diagnostics in the US is OBD II (J1979 and is a protocol that most commonly sits on top of ISO 15765-2 on CAN Bus (ISO 11898). (image credit: totalcardiagnostics.com/supp…)