principal @ primary vc | prev product @ loadsmart

New York, NY
Joined August 2011
Zach Fredericks retweeted
Big news! I’m heading west to SF with @PrimaryVC. And we're hiring three new roles for our compute team to work alongside @BSchech and me. I believe compute is the most compelling, and challenging, market opportunity in my lifetime. Visionary founders are building toward a future they believe is inevitable, larger than we can imagine, and ripe for reinvention at every layer. I will echo Brian’s sentiment: something special is happening and a new generation is answering the call. It is our goal, and privilege, to support them on the path to doing so. We are scaling our team to meet the moment. This is a fast-paced, high-agency, “take an idea and make it a reality” type of job. We have deep empathy for founders and understand the risks they are taking. We are humble about what we do not know, while being incredibly eager to learn from experts, founders, and teachers we meet along the way. We are students of the industry. I started in venture just over three years ago. I was a data scientist who cold-applied to the job via LinkedIn. I absorbed “Venture Deals” before my first call with the Primary team just well enough to know what a SAFE was. I knew very little of the venture world. But, I felt I couldn’t sit idly by in one of the biggest technology transformations of our time, and believed that early-stage investing gives you a unique seat to watch the future unfold. Our goal is to build something consequential here and we are just getting started. Come join us!
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In 2023 @UbertiGavin was the first founder I saw pitch at Primary. I’ll never forget it. Congrats to the whole @Etched team!
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Zach Fredericks retweeted
Three years ago, everyone told us this was impossible when @PrimaryVC led the seed round. Today, @Etched is shipping production racks to Jane Street. Life-changing and extraordinary to watch this team turn a contrarian idea into working silicon, real systems, and real customer deployments. Trust me on this one: they’re just getting started.
We've raised $700M at a $21B valuation from Jane Street, Kleiner Perkins, Sequoia, A16Z, Peter Thiel, BCV, and Blackstone. We're also excited to share that we've shipped our first rack to Jane Street.
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Zach Fredericks retweeted
We’ve raised $300M in Series C funding at a $10.3B valuation from Sequoia, Andreessen Horowitz, Jane Street, Argo, and SK Hynix. Our mission is to run the world's inference. This round accelerates production of our inference clusters. We've opened an 80,000-sqft, 10-MW facility 15 minutes from our office to expedite production and prototyping.
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As part of Matthew's letter (which I recommend reading in its entirety) he includes an appendix of expected pushback. It lays out the objections and his responses across available gas resource, midstream, power, and LNG. On available gas resource: "Technical gas-in-place and 'recoverable resource' do not mean the gas is economic or will ever be produced. The industry has tested 500-600-ft spacing and single wells were materially less productive due to well cannibalization. Child wells are significantly less productive than the parent wells and therefore far less capital efficient. Much higher prices are required to drill infill wells in the Marcellus. The same is true in Haynesville. Significant infrastructure will also be required. It is currently not contemplated." On midstream: "It takes years to build new gathering systems, processing, pipeline and other infrastructure, and if it is to be built to solve the acute tightening in 2028, the market would already be aware of the projects." On power: "We are modeling natural gas from the wellhead, and whether it is behind-the-meter or grid connected, it is consuming natural gas. All incremental natural gas power generation contributes to the natural gas deficit beyond 2027. Any behind-the-meter projects pull forward the natural gas tightness we foresee." On LNG: "U.S. LNG exports will make up approximately one-third of global LNG supply by 2030. The majority of the 35 Bcf per day of approved LNG nameplate capacity is either contracted or likely to be contracted to global counterparties, including foreign utilities. LNG contracts are generally long-lived, volumes are predetermined, and the contract terms are used to finance the LNG projects. Unwinding these commitments is a complicated and expensive proposition."
Matthew Smith has spent the last 18 months modeling every well, pipeline, storage facility, and power plant in the American natural gas system. His conclusion is that the US is heading toward a natural gas shortage with no precedent, beginning in 2028. By 2030, he believes we could exhaust our working natural gas storage entirely. The fuel everyone in AI is counting on, and that everyone assumes is abundant, is not there. And because gas sets the price of electricity in most of the country, he argues Americans will pay for the shortage in their power bills. Matthew has worked in energy markets for over 20 years and is the CIO of Chronometer Partners. This is his second time on the show, and he's one of my favorite people to talk to about energy. We discuss: - Why the bottleneck is moving from power to fuel - Why we can't just shut off exports - 2028 as the inflection point - Large-scale nuclear v. SMRs - Who wins, who loses, and what can still be done Enjoy! TIMESTAMPS 0:00 Intro 1:30 What Drives the Deficit 11:00 Why Supply Can’t Catch Up 20:35 The 2030 Gas Crisis 25:05 Winners and Losers 29:00 Nuclear and Solar 33:30 Consumers Pay the Bill 37:20 AI’s Next Shortage 45:25 Solutions and Global Stakes 51:15 The Coming Gas Knife Fight
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Zach Fredericks retweeted
Etched has recruited legends from NVIDIA, Intel, Broadcom, Apple, and DeepMind: - Brian Loiler: built NVIDIA's HGX and DGX systems from scratch over 22 years - Wayne Cao: led 0-to-1 production for the original iPhone - David Munday: built the TPU software team at Google - Saptadeep Pal: NVIDIA's H100 architecture team - Mark Ross: ex-CTO of Cypress (acquired for $9.4B) They recruit through a process they call project-based recruiting: "We map out all of the hardest technical problems across all industries that anyone has ever had to solve. We look at who did the 0 to 1, who was actually in charge, who did the work. We talked to as many people as possible, and then we just track it. The amount of people who say yes after the first conversation is low, but the amount who say yes after the 20th is surprisingly high. The number one guy in the world versus the number ten versus the number one hundred is a huge difference in whether it's actually possible to solve the problem."
Three years ago, two Harvard dropouts set out to build a better AI chip than the largest companies in the world. Almost everyone I called at the time said it was impossible. Today, Etched (@Etched) comes out of stealth with $800M total raised, $1B in signed customer contracts, and a working next-gen AI chip. This was my excuse to ask the two founders, @UbertiGavin and @robertwachen, every question I have about compute and inference. We discuss: - Why they built an entire rack and not just a chip - The two technical bets behind their architecture no one else has tried - How two founders in their twenties recruited industry legends - The night they nearly ran out of money - Why whoever produces the most tokens wins If you care about the future of compute, Gavin and Rob are two people to know. I think you will find the story of what they have built hard to forget. Enjoy! TIMESTAMPS 0:00 Intro 1:00 Why Nobody Believed Etched Would Work 14:06 Why Inference Is the Bottleneck 22:27 Gavin and Rob’s Origin Stories 33:24 Taking Huge Risks to Move Faster 49:43 Kernels, Compilers, and the AI Stack 1:02:08 Raising $100M to Survive 1:16:00 The Future of Models, Agents, and Intelligence
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Zach Fredericks retweeted
Turns out tariffs can lead to a predictable and insanely good AI business opportunity Thank you for the new opportunity @realDonaldTrump
🤖 Made with AI
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Zach Fredericks retweeted
Solar is now the dominant source of new U.S. power capacity and is on track to surpass coal in total installed capacity before the end of 2026. 70 GW of new solar capacity is scheduled to come online in 2026–2027 → a 49% increase in operating solar capacity from the end of 2025.
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Zach Fredericks retweeted
Lack of adaptability slows the world’s biggest supply chains. Inspired by how Amazon and Instacart embedded intelligence into every layer, Ganesh Ramakrishna (@ramakrig) founded @LyricTechnology to bring the same AI-first mindset to more supply chains, built to handle uncertainty and move fast. The founder and CEO, joins @zfredericks, Principal at Primary and @dukecass, General Partner at Primary to share: • how Lyric surfaces use cases customers didn’t know were possible • how Lyric outpaces traditional data scientists • what AI-native platforms mean for the future of forward-deployed 'engineers’ Link in comments for the full conversation.
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Zach Fredericks retweeted
Every importer hit by tariffs should understand duty drawbacks, but the system is too complicated for most to navigate. Justin Sherlock is the founder and CEO of Caspian, a trade platform helping businesses get smart and stay agile when it comes to the true cost of trade. Before launching Caspian, Justin helped scale Flexport’s financing arm to over $1 billion in loan volume. That experience laid the groundwork for Caspian’s data-driven approach to trade cost optimization, starting with AI-enabled drawback services that help customers collect refunds 99% faster. In this episode, Justin joins Primary Principal, @zfredericks, to talk about how Caspian helps importers stay ahead of shifting trade policy.
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mining finance companies are the most capital efficient businesses in the world?
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A royalty is a % of the mines revenue. A stream is the right to buy a fixed amount of the mined commodity at a discount. Embedded cash flow and arbitrage
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Zach Fredericks retweeted
I find myself telling every founder I talk to how helpful @PrimaryVC has been since (and really before) they led @Cargado_'s seed round. Between their GTM team, people ops, and recruiting support, their impact team really does make an impact. My newsletter from this week was about what I learned at another investor's summit, @EzraMoGee at @startinglinevc, which you can read more about here: congratsonalltheprogress.com…
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Zach Fredericks retweeted
For Primary’s NYC Seed Report, @zfredericks and Gaby Lorenzi look at how companies like CloudForge and Bloom Labs, which operate in the metal, mineral, and materials space, have gained attention from traditional industrial investors. primary.vc/firstedition/post…
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