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Study confirms Israel used white phosphorus widely across civilian areas in south Lebanon —— Ahmad Baydoun, an open-source intelligence researcher at Delft University of Technology, has documented widespread Israeli use of white phosphorus munitions in southern Lebanon during hostilities between October 2023 and November 2024. His investigation mapped 248 Israeli strikes by geolocating photos and videos and collecting testimony from residents. The findings show that a large share of the attacks hit civilian and agricultural areas, despite international restrictions banning the use of incendiary weapons such as white phosphorus in densely populated zones. According to the study, 39 percent of documented strikes occurred over civilian areas and 16 percent over farmland. Baydoun said 91 percent of the white phosphorus strikes took place before Israeli forces entered southern Lebanon in October 2024, directly contradicting Israel’s official narrative. The results were published in an interactive map in October 2025, allowing residents to identify damage to homes and land.