Thead of Alberta's history 🧵 1870s–1890s (Macdonald – Conservative) •National Policy high tariffs on farm equipment and manufactured goods to protect central Canadian manufacturers. •Mountain differential higher freight rates on traffic through the Rockies. •Prairie farmers sell at world prices, buy inputs at elevated Canadian prices, and face railway control. 1900–1909 (Laurier – Liberal) •Prevents single large Province of Buffalo; creates Alberta and Saskatchewan separately. •Alberta becomes a province in 1905 but federal government keeps control of natural resources. •Federal Liberals gerrymander ridings. Liberals appoint lieutenant-governor who selects Liberal as first premier. •Liberals make Edmonton the capital. Terms set so Alberta starts as a resource colony for central Canada. 1910–1919 (Borden – Conservative) •Alberta contributes heavily to WWI (roughly 35% of male population / ~52% of eligible males). •United Farmers of Alberta form in response to eastern policies and institutions. 1920–1929 (King – Liberal / Conservatives) •UFA wins power in 1921. •Continued fight for resource control still held by Ottawa. •Tariffs, mountain/railway rates, and grain marketing remain grievances. 1930–1939 (Bennett – Conservative / King – Liberal) •1930 Natural Resources Transfer finally gives Alberta control of its resources. •Depression relief policies criticized. Social Credit legislation on banking and credit disallowed by federal government or struck down by courts. • Alberta goes bankrupt because the federal government wouldn't share power. 1940–1949 (King – Liberal) •1947 Leduc oil discovery. •1949 Federal Pipeline Act asserts federal control over interprovincial and international pipelines. 1950–1959 (St. Laurent – Liberal / Diefenbaker) •Equalization program starts; Alberta briefly receives payments then becomes permanent net contributor. 1960–1969 (Pearson-Trudeau Liberal) • Cultural revolution, Abortion decriminalization, sodomy laws repealed, and no fault divorce implemented. •Continued resource growth under federal energy and pipeline leverage. 1970–1979 (Trudeau – Liberal) •1973 oil price freeze and export tax. •Federal intervention in Alberta resource pricing and revenues. 1980–1989 (Trudeau – Liberal / Mulroney) •1980 National Energy Program: made-in-Canada price, new federal taxes, 25% back-in rights, Petro-Canada. This destroys Alberta's economy. •Senate elections held in Alberta and the push for EEE senate starts. • constitution Act 1982 ratified making constitutional changes impossible. •Large transfer of wealth out of Alberta; investment flight and economic damage. •NEP later dismantled. Slowly by Mulroney. •Alberta patriot sentiment rises. 1990–1999 (Mulroney / Chrétien – Liberal) •Reform Party rises and accomplishes nothing. • Supreme court of canada: 3 Ontario, 3 Quebec, 1 Atlantic, 2 western canada. • Meech lake and Charlottetown accords to change the constitution fail. •Wheat Board and gun registry opposed. •Equalization continues; Alberta remains net contributor. 2000–2009 (Liberal then Harper – Conservative) •Kyoto Protocol opposed. • Harper more supportive of resource development. 2010–2019 (Harper / Trudeau – Liberal) • Harper tries to reform.the senate and SCC says senate reform requires all 10 provinces to approve. • Harper leaves 22 senate seats for Trudeau. • Harper leaves 44 judicial appointments for Trudeau. • Harper fails to reform equalization because his focus is central canada. •Carbon tax / pricing backstop. • Bill C-69 (No More Pipelines). (STILLNot repealed) •Bill C-48 tanker ban. (STILL not repealed) •Pipeline delays and cancellations (Northern Gateway, Trans Mountain nationalized, Keystone XL). •Equalization: Alberta receives $0 while remaining large net contributor. •Alberta patriot sentiment Grows.