“Sovereignty” is probably the most overused term in the Earth observation sector today. According to TerraWatch analysis, we track at least 76 governments that have either announced or have ongoing activities related to deploying their sovereign EO solutions. But how sovereign is sovereign? Some countries are buying dedicated satellites from companies that deliver them in less than a year, some countries are reserving exclusive capacity on commercial EO satellites and others are commissioning fully nationally built and owned constellations. But all of these are called "sovereign." A better way to think about sovereignty is perhaps as a stack of control points across the EO value chain. So, I recently came up with 10 layers of sovereignty that go all the way from one end to the other. 1. Industrial sovereignty 2. Deployment sovereignty 3. Asset sovereignty 4. Operations sovereignty 5. Collection sovereignty 6. Access sovereignty 7. Data sovereignty 8. Processing sovereignty 9. AI model sovereignty 10. Application sovereignty In the latest edition of the @terrawatchspace Pro newsletter, I detailed the 10 layers of EO sovereignty, analysed whether any EO system can be fully sovereign, discussed the differences between sovereignty and autarky and what the future of EO sovereignty would look like.