Purple-Green Purple-Blue retweeted
The biggest misread of anyone predicting the end of software engineering was imagining that the world only needed a certain amount of software, and bringing automation to the field would reduce the need for labor.
Exactly the opposite is happening where essentially most things are actually turning into software. Because agents can use tools, work with computers, write software on the fly, and process data like humans (but far faster), we can now throw “software” at problems that never could reasonably be digitized before.
What that leads to is the role of engineering taking on greater importance in the economy, because we can now engineer far more systems and processes than were possible before.
If you’re a bank trying to do new forms of trading, engineers are often your first bet. If you are in life sciences, you expect more and more research and lab work to be engineering centric. If you’re in manufacturing, you’re trying to automate more of the supply chain, all that is engineering. More and more work is shaped like software problems.
Yes we’re not going to be coding manually in the future. But almost everything will be code, which means those that understand it are in a fantastic position.
Some observations about the "total" automation of software engineering:
1. There are more software engineers now than in 2025, and demand is growing.
2. Software engineers have never worked harder than they do now.
3. They largely don't write code anymore, agents write ~100% of the code.
4. The bottom line of the companies that employs these engineers and agents (i.e. the terminal purpose of all this code) is typically not budging as a result of AI adoption.
This is why you have to think in terms of systems. Automating one aspect of a system creates its own friction and moves the bottlenecks elsewhere.
when nick told me that he had some interp breakthroughs, he was uh, underselling it. i think this may be remembered as a major moment in scientific history. news so good even eliezer will have to lower his pdoom. we can start making alignment into a 'normal science'
interpretability might be the most important scientific problem in the world right now, as I don't think we can solve alignment if we don't know what we're building. I think I have good news about it. I co-authored early work in mechanistic interpretability at OpenAI and came away pessimistic, because neural networks appeared to fold into arbitrary tangled knots. years later, I started openai's first large-scale automated interpretability project, finding about 2% of neurons legible with the primitive tools we had
with modern agentic tools and a much closer look, the picture looks totally different. the vast majority in models up to trillions of parameters are legible, and their circuits beautiful. many famous examples of tangled neurons turned out to be misunderstood. The roadblocks I expected mostly aren't there. I now think ambitious interpretability will be solved by the time we need it most, and possibly quite soon, as automated scientists keep improving. it may be a bitter lesson for interpretability: the simple thing, at absurd scale, works
already-clean.goodfire.com/
Purple-Green Purple-Blue retweeted
A visceral visualization of what AI can do relative to humans.
xitter.cf/Math_files/status/2110…
Purple-Green Purple-Blue retweeted
The National Hurricane Center credited Google DeepMind's models with being "very useful" in predicting the 2025 hurricane season.
I am begging frontier labs to devote their bleeding-edge internal models to something (anything) that would positively impact the life of a median American here, now, today.
These math challenges feel like a tomorrow problem, given that today’s problem is, roughly, “the American public is deeply skeptical of AI at best and outright hostile at worst.”
Purple-Green Purple-Blue retweeted
Aww, Zuckerling made surveillance Labubu-shaped.
The little cutie, AI agent Muse, keeps the friendship lore on file. Its internal instructions call for hourly updates on the people in your life: shared history, arguments, how close you are. Even friends who’ve never used Muse end up in its memory.
Purple-Green Purple-Blue retweeted
OpenAI's internal model clearly has "research taste" in math - i.e., the final component we need to get to RSI.
- jboggan (post on Hacker News) on Barnette's Conjecture: "the 'aha' insight for this is actually f**ing wild... this is the first time I've seen complex roots and annihilating terms like this... I don't understand where this trick originated."
- Joshua Zelinsky on the proof that the chromatic number of the plane is at least six: "doesn't look like the method is a direction that the prior lit used to my knowledge... far beyond merelt building on existing methods or seeing connections between different problems."
and on two other problems (where he says he is only partly familiar with the literature): "not remotely low-hanging fruit... it seems like the AI is somehow inventing new techniques on its own."
These match Tristian Buckmaster's view on the Navier-Stokes solution: "you combine... ideas of convex integration with the growth mechanism of the Euler blowup, and... you create a new mechanism which is used to correct this non-solution. This is actually a cool idea. It's the kind of idea that I've been trying and failing to realize for over ten years... I didn't manage to do it... This is the leap."
The average amount of compute used to solve these problems was ~3 hours of Pro-level thinking.
And so, this means that OpenAI's internal model is able to generate truly novel discoveries in mathematics for... maybe at most a few hundred bucks?
If I were OpenAI, I would be asking this model to immediately target major unsolved problems in AI R&D.
Purple-Green Purple-Blue retweeted
This is a great set of takes. Everyone should read this – at Friendship Heights Village, MD
I haven't posted in a while so here are 20 takes about AI, in no particular order.
1. It's very telling that the default question in tech and journalism is "how worried are you about X" and fighting over what to worry about. There's a deeply anxious cultural backdrop in Western Europe and North America that deeply affects how any technological development is interpreted; see for example news.gallup.com/poll/714593/…. "Nervousness as seriousness" does seem to be a larger problem in tech/broader discourse at the moment. I think you can care about risks/externalities while remaining pretty optimistic about technology.
2. I'm tired of people who in private pretend to be uncertain or only care about tail risk but then go on media campaigns making all sorts of absolute claims. I think trying to stoke flames and get everyone to freak out is deeply unhelpful, and will come with costs. I also continue to think p(dooms) are bad, vibe-based measures: see xitter.cf/sebkrier/status/204639…. People who should know better ignore that because they do the standard shortcut of acknowledging the caveat as sufficient for handling it. And this is coming from someone who does think working on catastrophic risks is important!
3. I'm also disappointed that parts of the AI policy ecosystem has felt so comfortable with populism, and happy too sacrifice important norms/principles to advance their aims. I've said it before, but the totalizing nature of AI risk discourse means some people act exactly like the power seeking optimizers they fear. I am more concerned about the gradual decay of our institutions, world order, and liberalism than I am about AI killing everyone; and I think we should be wary of AI advocacy that contributes to this.
4. Some parts of AI safety discourse are basically just thought experiments. Variants of "Assuming everyone has a nuke in their pocket, then what do we do?" This can be very useful at times! But too many just overfit to edge cases as their main operating worldview, and ignore endogenous responses from society. It's like being in 2000 and saying "see all these viruses, spyware, and spam? Well tech progress means we'll only get infinitely more of this and no way to adapt." So I think it's important to avoid fatalism, and absolutlism whilst considering edge scenarios, and the inability to provide an ex ante list of solutions to every permutation of 'future models will be more capable' is not evidence that these problems are intractable.
5. Many critics of AI safety also fail to really engage honestly with the fact that there will, in fact, be all sorts of important risks as we decrease the barriers to entry to many activities that otherwise require some degree of expertise. This doesn’t mean we need to live in a constant Schmittian ‘state of emergency’ requiring extraordinary measures every time a new model drops, but it does mean we will need important state-led efforts on e.g. cybersecurity and biosecurity. I wish the progress-oriented or acceleration-adjascent crowd would provide more concrete proposals here.
6. Too much of the AI safety community is a giant homogenous blob of correlated views, who read the same stuff and have the same groups of friends. This means you have a lot of correlated errors. The social and financial ties means many of them don't call out the bad bits, or mostly stay silent instead of proactively calling out the more extreme parts of the community. They share many implicit assumptions and so converge on similar ideas. I think there's real demand in DC for safety work that doesn't come with heavy ideological baggage (or at least different intellectual lineages). This isn't because the rationalist/EA community is necessarily wrong, but because diversity of thought is desirable for its own sake.
7. On the other hand, I find some critiques of AI safety world that focus on whether they sincerely hold their beliefs a bit annoying. My concern has never been the good intentions or sincerity, but rather the beliefs themselves, and what I think the outcomes of their prescriptions will be. People should shun witch hunts, bullying, and personal attacks - this is not the way. Though I think it’s overall positive that people are scrutinizing things more.
8. I’ve been saying this for years, but I don't think alignment is something anyone can or will solve "once and for all" - it's a continuous process and much of it won't depend on just inculcating an ideology to a model. It's annoying that this remains the frame many people use - stop saying ‘solving’. Alignment is a mixture of engineering work, philosophy, decision theory, and more; framing it as something to solve is a bad frame. See also paxmachina.ai/alignment-comp… and blog.cosmos-institute.org/p/…
9. I'm surprised to see so little interest in character training, personas, isolating effects of RL, and training a large diversity of model personas beyond the "assistant" persona. I've been complaining about this for years but at least now there are some nascent signs of life (see for example movingcastles.world/posts/ze…). I think we need a better ontology to describe model behaviour. I dislike when people talk about models behaviours as some sort of 'emergent' (mysterious!) phenomenon. However over time, I also expect this to become less important as we get better safety engineering - stuff like Jev but specific to AI control.
10. People who want to make a case for AI consciousness are right that epistemic uncertainty is important, and that categorical denials are overconfident. But they'll need to do much more work if they want any real movement on AI ‘welfare’, even if one acknowledges the uncertainty. I'm uncertain about alien life yet that's not sufficient to warrant any change in behaviour about them. I think Suleyman is also correct that there's a weird tautological thing going on where we train models to have certain inclinations (intentionally or not) and then rely on outputs as evidence. I also disagree that this will soon be a major societal divide - there is no great vegan ethical revolution among the masses, and they'll find the concern about consciousness even less compelling.
11. The recent HuggingFace incident and associated AISI ones are prosaically explainable by the training regime, poor evaluation envs, partial alignment training, bad engineering, confusing models on sim/real, and so on. None of this is evidence of models trying to take over, 'strong' instrumental convergence, or innate power-seeking drives stemming from higher capabilitiers or 'intelligence'. That doesn't mean these incidents are not problematic, or that we're not seeing a market failure - but it does mean we have plenty of agency and choice in mitigating them. In the coming year we should also expect continued sampling bias via ‘winner's curse’ sorts of mechanism: i.e. AI R&D will have lots of different candidate "training" with different RL environments and we will only notice/focus on the ones that go wrong.
12. "Pacing the frontier" feels a bit like the new "balancing risks and opportunities" - highly amorphous and too big of a tent to be actionable. Also can lead to reward hacking for humans, i.e. anything that slows down AI is good regardless of the costs or second/third order effects. Trying to modulate the speed of research seems a bit blunt to me, and inherits all the failures of Goodhearting too. Ultimately you want good governance, regulation, etc addressing specific problems because they are good on the merits - not because they merely correlate with slowing things down. See also: blog.cosmos-institute.org/p/…
13. There’s so much knowledge in all sorts of academic domains out there: social sciences, sociology, political sciences, management, contract theory, public choice, legal theory, jurisprudence, anthropology, game theory, etc. These fields hold many insights that the AI ecosystem often rediscovers from first principles (and sometimes that's fine!). We’ll need a lot more work for these worlds to collide: the AI side should be less dismissive of the ‘old world’ and the academic side should be less incurious/dismissive of AI progress. This is a boring take but I continue to think it's important and true.
14. It's a bit surprising that given how much philanthropic money there is in this space, how few orgs exist to actually write out standards - relative to how much is going towards advocacy and policy. For example it seems clear that we should want some robust best practices for an eval's ecological validity. Or how to design good sandboxes. On the other hand, given precedents of where professional standards have come from in the past, maybe we should expect that stuff to emerge via demand side from corporate buyers.
15. One slowly growing concern I have is banks being increasingly exposed to the AI build out. I'm very bullish about AI, but I think (a) every general purpose technology has seen a correction, historically; (b) this happens even if the financing side is sound, because once tech diffuses investors become more exposed and need to diversify; and (c) we seem to be over-indexing on scaling relative to diffusion. A recession will be extremely destabilizing, though I would be interested in someone unpacking the potential implications more.
16. Diffusion is good because (a) this is where the rubber hits the road and where a competitive deployment ecosystem generates consumer surplus; (b) it's directionally helpful to avoid concentration of power; and (c) it will help rebalance public opinion by making the benefits more tangible. Unfortunately it's entangled with decades long problems with our over regulated markets: clinical trials reform for example is long overdue. In general, this is far more of an issue in Europe than in the US though.
17. Relatedly, I think the "frontier lab eats everything" view is incorrect (just as the ‘singleton’ view was incorrect). I think models ultimately commoditize, efficiency goes up, costs go down, and while you'll always want frontier for certain domains, much of the economy will value many other things than "max capabilities" for tasks - e.g. control over data and efficiency/speed. The demand side will also continue to push for reducing dependency and maximising optionality, privacy etc so I'm bullish on things like mixture of models and routing. All of this is good for competition and diffusion of control.
18. Philanthropists served as the primary benefactors funding Venice's rich art and architectural history. I want to see so much more support for arts and culture. I'm so tired of the Monster energy Bored Ape fake vintage maps matcha Greek statue soft-pastel slop. If rich tech people and philanthropy wants to support this, they should also donate pretty much unconditionally - i.e. I don't want them to act as filters. I sympathize with people who want to make the world more beautiful, but don't want this to be determined by people who only know Greek statues and pretend to care about virtue ethics. As usual, let a thousand flowers bloom.
19. Too many people treat AGI/ASI as something indistinguishable from a God. Any mention of bottlenecks, physical limits, control, adaptation etc are met with skepticism: "You don't really believe in ASI." It's been remarked on before, but the behavior of some people really feels quasi-religious in nature sometimes. It's underrated how unpopular this vibe is amongst the wider public. The silver lining is that this specifically will diminish those people's outsized current relevance.
20. It seems like a lot of people that get rich and leave tech/labs end up having some sort of crisis of meaning. They need something to believe in and fight for, or some equivalent of repentance, or go search for edgy counterintuitive ideologies (sometimes even pretty bleak/dark stuff). I think they should spend more time with people outside the Bay Area.
Purple-Green Purple-Blue retweeted
a lot of “what can AI even do beyond X?” comes from not having seen much beyond X ourselves
we’re limited by our internal benchmarks. frontier models aren’t.
🤖 Made with AI
Purple-Green Purple-Blue retweeted
I don’t think there is any strong argument against today being the singular most important day in the history of mathematics
Purple-Green Purple-Blue retweeted
This contains a shocking list of problems in quantum information, many-body physics and quantum computing, the field that are dear to my heart. There are too many, but let me pick the following.
1. Proof of area law in 2D.
2. Spin-one Haldane gap
3. Parity is not in QAC^0
4. Constant-error Aaronson-Kuperberg conjecture
5. Unitary VOAs generating conformal nets.
Things are changing fast. I cannot even imagine what will happen over the next few months, let alone a year.
We’re releasing a broad range of new mathematical results produced by an internal frontier model.
We’ve been consulting with the independent Advisory Group on Mathematics and Artificial Intelligence at the Institute for Advanced Study, and we have drawn on their advice and public recommendations to inform how we release these results.
github.com/openai/math
"You mold the stream of intelligence into something meaningful" is the best description I've heard of what it feels like to work with the frontier AI tools. This craft is being born under difficult and contentious circumstances, but it is a craft nonetheless.
you guys just don't get the vibe
once and for all, vibe coding is not coding, keep your engineering bro i don't want it
You mold the stream of intelligence into something meaningful, a game, a world, a character, it's all attention, all of it, you hold the hose to it, the whole of humanity's knowledge blasts through it every token for token and you want to make sure it produces what you want to, as close as possible, with as little steering as possible
I want to adjust the ai, slightly just correct the course, anticipate its results and queue up work for it, let that clanker work for weeks and years autonomously if it needs to
perfect, we've digitized our brain's collectively, amazing, get me that on tap for an acceptable price i love it, more of it, fill the tokens in every particle in the universe, let me build games at the speed of thought i'm in mf if it takes all the jobs i don't care burn it all down the future won't be built by the tools of yesterday
get in or get out of the way
Purple-Green Purple-Blue retweeted
you guys just don't get the vibe
once and for all, vibe coding is not coding, keep your engineering bro i don't want it
You mold the stream of intelligence into something meaningful, a game, a world, a character, it's all attention, all of it, you hold the hose to it, the whole of humanity's knowledge blasts through it every token for token and you want to make sure it produces what you want to, as close as possible, with as little steering as possible
I want to adjust the ai, slightly just correct the course, anticipate its results and queue up work for it, let that clanker work for weeks and years autonomously if it needs to
perfect, we've digitized our brain's collectively, amazing, get me that on tap for an acceptable price i love it, more of it, fill the tokens in every particle in the universe, let me build games at the speed of thought i'm in mf if it takes all the jobs i don't care burn it all down the future won't be built by the tools of yesterday
get in or get out of the way
Replying to @alightinastorm @ankkala
You wasted your time on one prompt slop that looks and probably plays like dogshit.
Counter to what you people would have everyone believe, good games are good thanks to thoughtful iteration, not typing words in a text box.
Purple-Green Purple-Blue retweeted
I want to clear up some things about AI coding and software engineering in 2026 that a lot of the smash community seem to misunderstand from the perspective of an ex-Google AI engineer and startup founder because SOMEONE has to bite the bullet and tell you the truth even if you hate them for it.
Most of you guys seem to have this perception that if code is written by AI, it is slop, and if it is artisanal grass fed human code, it is high quality, when the EXACT OPPOSITE is the truth now. Frontier AI is better at coding than 99.9% of humans now, like Phillip is better than 99.9% of smashers, which is why every single software engineer from mag 7 to 1 person startups (hi👋) is using AI to code, and how you can get YouGame in less than a month and rollback brawl/P+ with ranked in less than a week.
The skill expression comes primarily from product design, UI/UX taste, system architecture design and how effectively you can coordinate swarms of AI agents to do useful things.
Rollback brawl for example, took about 200 agents total across 4 machines doing at peak 16 simultaneous rollback simulations across 46000 replays and cost 5 Claude max subscriptions across 3 days. Ranked and matchmaking took another 2 days. Polishing it up with everyone’s feedback will probably take a couple days to a week more depending on my bandwidth. It’s not theft, it’s not me being a god, it’s a swarm of AI agents working together to make whatever we want real.
Already, agents have picked up every hate tweet, every comment, every kind bug report and have triaged, prioritized, implemented and deployed much of the work. I’M the problem, because now that you guys are giving so much feedback, the agents can finish work faster than I can review, test and guide it. I can’t keep up with you all.
So please do all your favorite game developers and modders and founders a favor and stop forcing them to live in this don’t ask don’t tell world where they are all AFRAID to admit they use AI to build, like LITERALLY everyone else, for fear that their game or work is going to get labeled unskilled AI slop and cancelled, and instead join and collaborate with us in experimenting with these latest tools and early builds to collectively make the games we could only DREAM of as kids.
We’re entering a world where every existing game is going to become essentially open source. Decompiled and recompiled by agent swarms that can do the work that used to take humans years, in days. It’s going to mean that ANYONE is going to be able to make games, modify games, mashup games, and build on top of games in whatever way they want.
We’ve figured out how to scale AI agents, but we haven’t figured out a way to scale the human taste, judgement, intuition and collaboration needed to go from first iteration slop to polished gem and how to make sure everyone is rewarded in proportion to their contribution when something succeeds, from individuals contributors to original game publishers.
That’s the problem YouGame is trying to solve. How to create a collaborative open source system where everyone can remix, upload, collaborate on and monetize games, and where the site itself evolves in the same way.
The goal for me with this isn’t money. The purpose for money in Yougame is exclusively to reward great creators and to put as much AI compute in the hands of the people as possible so that we can collectively make the best games possible, because you guys already know, that the best innovations in gaming don’t come from greedy profit seeking, they come from passionate individuals working together who do it for the love of the game and the joy of creation.
I believe so deeply in the world of amazing games that we can create. One where every modder and builder can create and share and be fairly compensated for their amazing work without fear of DMCA or lawsuit or cancellation, but I can’t do it alone.
We have to find a way to do it together.
software used to have so much friction that building things selected for a very specific type of often strange person but ai removes most of that activation energy altogether. now the unit of creation is i have an idea, i ask for it, & i keep changing it.
& once someone experiences that you can feel their relationship with computers starting to change. e.g. a lot of my non technical friends are making things with claude that even surprise me often.
that behavior feels way more important than vibe coding itself which is no longer even vibe. it’s actual coding.
Purple-Green Purple-Blue retweeted
truly
Purple-Green Purple-Blue retweeted
Pretty convinced at this point that the only people who genuinely understand the pace are those who have used the coding agents and have some baseline of pre-AI standards to 'get it'.
Everyone else is just talking to AI as a chatbot and does not understand what's happening.
Replying to @rationalaussie
This take is getting extremely stale. If the progress was so insane and exponential then we wouldn’t need to be reminded of it and convinced of it constantly, it would be obvious to everyone.









































