Consulting sociologist, improving participation and institutional design in water management
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ALT Display on Wytheville Fire Department. Mannequins with uniforms
ALT Display: Honoring local officers killed in the line of duty
ALT Wytheville County Rescue Squad display: “We Volunteer So Others May Live “
ALT Diverse Dilemmas: Mapping Interdependence in a Periodic Table of Strategic Situations Bryan Bruns, [email protected] International Conference on Social Dilemmas. Copenhagen, July 19-22, 2022 Overview Motivation: Understanding diversity in social dilemmas and other strategic situations Methods: Changes in ranking of outcomes transform games, e.g., turn Prisoner’s Dilemma to Stag Hunt and generate a periodic table of strategic situations Results and discussion: Six types of collective action situations: contexts for cooperation Diverse definitions for social dilemmas Exploring payoff space: Illustrative questions and games for research
ALT Diverse definitions for social dilemmas A map to point to (definition by ostension) 1. Algebraic: ordinal: T>R>S>P ∩ 2R>T+P (reward for cooperation better than taking turns) 2. Pareto-inefficient, dominant strategy Nash equilibrium asymmetric, one dominant strategy 3. Pareto-inefficient Nash equilibrium second equilibrium mixed strategy equilibrium (Raub) 4. Conflicts: individual vs collective interest Cooperation in dilemmas Coordinating equilibrium selection Finding focal points amidst instability Region connected by payoff swaps 5. Free riding defection from cooperation Dilemmas and Chicken 6. Other alternative attractors second-best outcomes (3,3 but not equilibrium) (Holzinger, Brams) higher product of payoffs (Zürn) side payments, linkage, transformation … 7. Beyond 2x2 N-person, n-choice, payoff functions. etc. Aggregation, monitoring, enforcement …
ALT 1.Advantage: the rich get richer, “Matthew effect,” Protector, (LbMk) 2.Remediability: Easy or hard to fix? Refractory (LbLh) versus Threat (PdNc) and Samaritan’s Dilemma (ChHa) 3.Which story frame? Deadlock, altruist’s dilemma or good enough? (DlDl, CmCm) 4.Pd goes zero-sum. The only symmetric zero-sum game. Crux (MkMk) 5.Pd gets an assurance problem, along with a (weakly) dominant strategy equilibrium. Cusp (HuHu) 6.Finding focus amidst instability, escaping cyclic conflict. Endless (ShCh) 7.Flavors of coordination: rivalry, caution vs coop, norms, plus inequality, Safe Choice, Volunteer’s Dilemma (MbMb), and Chicken 8.Forcing win-win: Cooperate or else! Peace/Club (PcPc) 9.Delight or spite? Concord or maxdiff? (NcNc) 10. Prediction: Theory of mind or learning? Anticipation (NcSh) quadrants 11. Externalities: partner control, lineage of primal exchange, Pd pipe: layer corners (NcCh …) 12. Navigating payoff space: capabilities, hill-climbing, heuristics, algorithms, repertoires …
