ALT Synthesis of ecosystem changes over successional time. The three columns (A, B, C) correspond to the three experimental designs described in Methods: Experimental design, which correspond to three semi-discrete developmental phases that collectively span 200 years of succession. Column A shows trends inferred through the paired chronosequences (particularly the Burn Plots) over the first century of stand development. Column B corresponds to FASET, the paired comparison of background reference vs. experimentally accelerated succession Illustration by Jennifer Kalejs. footprints, over a 2-decade period from stand age ~90-100. Column C highlights the three old reference forests, with ages ranging from 130 years for the two pine-dominated stands to approximately 200 years in the uneven-aged hemlock-northern hardwoods stand. See Discussion: Synthesis of ecosystem changes over succession for accompanying narrative.