Patrizio Castelli 🇮🇹🇺🇦🇪🇺

Today's Polish fascist terrorist was reportedly wearing a teeshirt bearing the Falanga symbol (a stylised arm holding a sword drawn in green on a white background) of the "National Radical Camp (ONR)," a Polish fascist and nationalist group during the inter-war Second Polish Republic. The National Radical Camp (ONR) was a breakaway from Endecja, the neo-fascist National Democracy movement Roman Dmowski founded and led. Organisational: In 1926 Dmowski created the Camp of Great Poland (OWP) as an extra-parliamentary organisation opposing the Sanacja government which emulated Italian Fascism. A youth branch formed in 1927 and had taken over the OWP by 1928, with a lot of influence among university students. When the government banned the OWP in 1933, many of these activists moved into the National Party’s youth section. The ONR was founded in 1934 by activists from the National Party’s Youth Section. It had about 4,000 former Endecja activists, mostly university students. Shared ideology: The ONR radicalised Dmowski’s integral nationalism built on an ethnically defined nation, the treatment of Jews as the central “enemy” of Polish national interests, and a strong Catholic national identity. The ONR and Dmowski's Endecja violently repressed Ukrainians in inter-war Poland in the 193os. The ONR demanded the stripping of Jews of Polish citizenship and were anti-capitalist. The OWP had already excluded all Jews from political life. Rupture: This was a generational and strategic revolt within Endecja, not a rejection of Dmowski’s integral nationalism. They saw the “old” leadership as too cautious, too parliamentary, and ineffective against Sanacja. De facto this was a conflict between the neo-fascist Dmowski's Endecja and the fascist ONR. After the Ban: The ONR was outlawed in 1934. The fascist movement split into ONR-Falanga under Bolesław Piasecki and ONR-ABC, built around the ABC journal and led by Henryk Rossman. Both groups stayed active until 1939. Contemporary Poland: Since 1993 an organisation in Poland has used the ONR name and claims allegiance to its fascist ideology and traditions. It presents Dmowski as a founding father. A monument to neo-fascist Roman Dmowski was unveiled in central Warsaw in 2006 - 4 years after Poland joined the EU. Dmowski and his contemporaries were and are anti-European, anti-Ukrainian, anti-Semitic and pro-Russian. A cult of neo-fascist Dmowski has been supported by Polish nationalists since 1991 with hundreds of toponyms named after him and his photograph is included in Polish passports since 2015-2016: Warsaw: Rondo Dmowskiego and Warszawa Wschodnia railway station bears his name. Wrocław: Most Dmowskiego Roundabouts in Lublin, Ostrołęka and elsewhere. Major streets in Kraków, Poznań, Gdańsk, Wrocław, Opole, Wałbrzych, Piotrków Trybunalski and many smaller Polish towns.