ALT Types of measurements for model development. (A) Analysis pipeline for extracting intensity and shape features from raw data. Step 1 is to segment the object of interest, which ranges from subcellular components to cellular structures and tissues. Step 2 is to track filaments, nuclei or cells either in real time via live-cell imaging or via pseudotime, which is the ordering of dynamic structures according to their progression in time (e.g. used to retrieve temporal data from time-course experiments using fixed samples). Step 3 is to extract features such as fluorescence intensity, shape or neighbourhood information from segmented objects. Finally, this will result in feature trajectories as a function of either absolute time, cell number or pseudotime. (B) Examples are shown of how to measure different types of tensions via pipette aspiration, laser ablation, optical tweezers or traction force microscopy.