Moderna/Merck just ran a 1,137-patient Phase 3 trial where every single dose was unique to that patient's tumor. It worked. The pipeline: surgical resection → whole exome + RNA sequencing → ML neoantigen ranking → mRNA encoding up to 34 patient-specific targets → manufactured and shipped in 8 weeks. One drug, different sequence for every patient. The ML step is worth to note: the algorithm ingests WES + RNA-seq to identify somatic mutations, then predicts which of those will actually be immunogenic, ie, displayed on tumor cell surface and trigger a T-cell response. It's designed to keep learning from accumulated clinical and immunogenicity data across patients, not just per-patient. INTerpath-001 (Stage IIB-IV resected melanoma, 2:1 randomized): combination with pembrolizumab beat Keytruda alone on both primary (RFS) and key secondary (DMFS) at interim. Phase 2b at ASCO 2026 showed 49% reduction in recurrence/death, 59% in distant metastasis/death at 5 years. Phase 3 confirmed both. What this validates: — tumor-specific neoantigen prediction by ML works in a blinded trial at scale — 8-week personalized mRNA manufacturing is operationally real — effect is additive on PD-1 blockade, not redundant This is first positive Ph3 for individualized neoantigen therapy. First positive Ph3 for any mRNA cancer therapeutic. What a great time to live in!! This is the best time for AI & biotech!