Jeph 🌍

Tumour cells voraciously consume glucose as their predominant energy source for their rapid and excess cellular growth and division. They also take up fatty acids in the context of plentiful glucose provision, to support their upregulated aerobic fermentation/glycolysis.   This research paper hones in on the concept of starving out the tumour cells by transplanting modified adipocytes (fat cells) that have more mitochondria which results in  beige adipocytes.  Endogenous therapeutic ketosis as a result of maximally restricting dietary carbohydrates, also known as Ketogenic Metabolic Therapy (KMT) increases the beiging of adipocytes.  KMT also directly starves tumour cells by restricting the availability of glucose. The decrease in dietary derived glucose (starchy carbohydrates such as potatoes, rice, noodles, wheat, flour, sugar, fruit, honey), results in the decrease of the growth and division signalling hormones insulin and IGF-1.  Chronic excess insulin (hyperinsulinaemia) signalling, harms mitochondria, causing an increase in reactive oxygen species (ROS). Subsequently up-regulating hypoxia signalling cascades that facilitate the increase in aerobic fermentation/glycolysis, which is the avid uptake of glucose to fuel tumour cell growth. Hyperinsulinaemia driven excess ROS, causes damage to the mitochondria, which govern cell division rate and are at the top of the hierarchy in healthy controlled cell death, apoptosis, which cancer cells evade.  KMT resolves hyperinsulinaemia, thus protecting mitochondria, reducing the signalling from damaged mitochondria that increase cell division mechanisms in tumour cells. Furthermore, low fibre KMT improves stomach acidity regulation (a more acid stomach, which is good), increasing the production, secretion and absorption of bile which is rich in the sulphonic acid taurine.  Taurine is essential in bile, in order to absorb the fat soluble vitamins A, D, E and K, as well as the essential fatty acids DHA and AA. Taurine is essential for healthy mitochondria, by regulating the quality of mitochondrial gene translation in the production of the electron transport chain (ETC) proteins. Taurine improves the catalytic capacity of ETC proteins, which reduces mitochondrial ROS mediated hypoxia signalling, that regulates tumour cell increase in glucose consumption via aerobic glycolysis/fermentation (reducing aerobic fermentation). Absorption of taurine rich bile increases the beiging of adipose tissue. Thus ketogenic metabolic therapy provides a way to modify one’s own fat cells to outcompete tumour cells for nutrients, whilst also directly depriving cancer cells of excess glucose and removing the excess growth factor hormone signalling, to grow and divide, by insulin and IGF-I.