India was early / first in maps, webmail, search, e-commerce, online office, browser, social, messaging and mobile OS. - 1995. MapmyIndia started digitally mapping India. Google Maps came 10 years later. - 1996. Rediff put up the subcontinent's first web server. By 1999 it was reaching 45% of India's internet users. - 1997. Khoj, an Indian search engine, was live before Google was even a company. - 2000. Baazee became India's first big e-commerce site. eBay bought it in 2004. eBay India shut in 2018. - 2005. Zoho launched Writer, an online word processor. Google Docs arrived a year later. - 2007-08. A dozen Indian social networks: ibibo, BigAdda, Bharatstudent, Yaari. Orkut and Facebook overtook them by 2009. - 2010. Epic, an Indian browser, got 4.5 lakh downloads in its 1st month. - 2012. Hike messenger. 100M users by 2016, valued at $1.4B. Shut in 2021. - 2016. Indus OS became India's 2nd most used smartphone OS, ahead of iOS. PhonePe bought it in 2021. "Almost" nothing is left standing, except MapmyIndia and Zoho. Always remember dependence has a bill. In July 2025, Microsoft cut Indian refiner Nayara Energy off from its own data over EU sanctions. It took a Delhi HC case to get it back. In July 2024, one faulty update from one American firm stopped check-ins at Indian airports. I know that Indigenous Products have to win on merit but again merit needs users. 🙏🙏