PhD @Princeton | Prev. CMU & NYU | Robotics!

Manhattan, NY
Joined February 2022
Super excited to share some of the work I’ve been doing at the GEAR lab @NVIDIAAI. After three months, we’re reintroducing ASPIRE: Agentic Skills Discovery for Robotics (v1.0). Enough of Astra ✨ doing pick-and-place—let it learn reusable strategies and solve a Rubik’s Cube online. Quick 🧵 for details.
10
15
6
116
14,687
Hengkai Pan retweeted
Can we make dexterous robots compliant without sacrificing precise control? Excited to introduce FOMO-Dex: Force-Modulated Dexterity! 🖐️ FOMO-Dex brings force-aware compliance to dexterous teleoperation, enabling robots to pick up thin cards and chips 🃏, cut paper 🔪, turn nuts 🔩, and use screwdrivers 🪛. These force-aware demonstrations also train better autonomous policies! 🎥 Videos & paper: yingyuan0414.github.io/fomo-… 🧵👇 (1/8)
11
38
4
149
12,061
Hengkai Pan retweeted
i am extremely excited to announce our latest flow map finetuning algorithm: Wasserstein Tilted Flows (WTF?!) something i’ve been thinking about for a while now is the “right” way to formulate finetuning and reward alignment of flow-based generative models. two difficulties that arise repeatedly are 1) sampling the canonical “reward-tilted distribution” is really hard, and 2) basically all existing methods require backpropagation or adjoint methods through flow rollouts, which is prohibitively expensive the core issue i’ve had with the reward tilt is that it arises from a geometry on the space of probability measures based on the KL divergence. this makes sense for stochastic processes such as diffusions, but for the deterministic flows we use in practice, this choice of geometry can be very awkward, leading state of the art methods to repeatedly convert back and forth between a flow and a diffusion here we throw out this formulation entirely, redefining the reward alignment problem in terms of a carefully-chosen wasserstein distance. we show that that this leads to a deterministic optimal control problem, which we can solve rapidly via reinforcement learning in a simulation-free by way leveraging the underlying flow map. critically, using the flow map avoids backpropagation through rollouts, replacing them by a single function evaluation. by adapting both the flow map and its underlying flow together online, we obtain an end-to-end finetuning algorithm that takes a flow map in, gives a flow map out, and is ~50-100x faster than current state of the art approaches super proud of my students for their hard work on this one — check it out!
#NeurIPS2026 Spotlight RL for diffusion and flow models often requires expensive rollouts. We show that flow maps enable simulation-free RL finetuning. Introducing Wasserstein-Tilted Flow Maps (WTF)! 🤩 The key is a transport-based alternative to KL regularization. 🧵
2
29
1
172
9,017
Hengkai Pan retweeted
What’s missing from robot foundation models? An explicit understanding of WHY motions work: why move in this direction, why place the object in this way, how hard to grasp the object. This motion-level reasoning bridges instructions to actions—and provides knowledge that can generalize across embodiments and scenes. Pure behavior cloning supervises WHAT actions to take, but leaves models to infer WHY those actions work. This becomes especially limiting when learning from large-scale heterogeneous data, including egocentric human data, where humans and robots can take very different actions to achieve the same physical effect. We need models to extract the intent behind those motions, rather than simply recite them. Why leave that knowledge buried in trajectories when we can teach it explicitly? Introducing EgoLAP: a shared language for human and robot motion. Language actions teach HOW to move; motion-level reasoning teaches WHY the motion works. Together, they unlock, to our knowledge, unprecedented gains in zero-shot performance for robot foundation models without additional robot demonstrations. arxiv.org/abs/2610.08726 ego-lap.github.io/
13
32
9
137
18,953
Hengkai Pan retweeted
Introducing Video-Index, a curated meta-benchmark for video understanding. We start from 115 video benchmarks and 505K questions, drop every question a shortcut can solve, and keep the 840 hardest ones. arxiv.org/abs/2610.00960
5
21
5
116
15,025
Hengkai Pan retweeted
Video benchmarks aren't saturated, they're just easy to game. We introduce Video-Index by dropping all shortcut-solvable questions across 115 benchmarks — key findings: Astra 79.3% beats humans 55%, while open models <20%. Led by my incredible first-year PhD student @EnxinSong !
Introducing Video-Index, a curated meta-benchmark for video understanding. We start from 115 video benchmarks and 505K questions, drop every question a shortcut can solve, and keep the 840 hardest ones. arxiv.org/abs/2610.00960
1
4
1
80
8,562
Hengkai Pan retweeted
Students sometimes ask me if it still makes sense, in this accelerating age, to pursue a PhD in AI. Perhaps counterintuitively, I think it's a great time to do so. I wrote up some thoughts on this here: web.mit.edu/phillipi/www/wri…
92
584
109
3,872
1,740,808
Hengkai Pan retweeted
We trained a robot to play football. How? Self-play for 140 years in a virtual World Cup. Meet the #Messinator:
217
409
259
2,032
1,771,430
Hengkai Pan retweeted
Introducing OM-1, our first robot foundation model, zero-shot generalizing to any robot: table-top arms, industrial arms and humanoids. - learned directly from human manipulation data - no teleop/robot data - close to human-level dexterity and efficiency - multi-robot collab
154
477
291
3,513
1,769,748
Hengkai Pan retweeted
🤖 World Action Models predict the future to act better. However, WAM research remains fragmented in code, ad hoc in design, and unprincipled at scale. 💡 Today, we release 𝗢𝗽𝗲𝗻𝗪𝗔𝗠: 𝗔𝗻 𝗢𝗽𝗲𝗻, 𝗠𝗼𝗱𝘂𝗹𝗮𝗿 𝗘𝘅𝗽𝗹𝗼𝗿𝗮𝘁𝗶𝗼𝗻 𝗧𝗼𝘄𝗮𝗿𝗱𝘀 𝗦𝘆𝘀𝘁𝗲𝗺𝗮𝘁𝗶𝗰 𝗪𝗼𝗿𝗹𝗱–𝗔𝗰𝘁𝗶𝗼𝗻 𝗠𝗼𝗱𝗲𝗹 𝗣𝗿𝗲𝘁𝗿𝗮𝗶𝗻𝗶𝗻𝗴 to change this. 🌐 openwam-official.github.io/ 🧵1/14
7
40
8
273
2,267,097
I am seeing claims around LLMs, specifically Astra having made serious progress on robotics. The tasks that are demonstrated are simple pick and place tasks with parallel jaw grippers. LLMs can do planning, and the impressive demos in these tasks primarily show that. But robotics is also about dexterity and dynamics - which is why we need high frequency controllers/policies that can deal with torques and forces. So here is a simple challenge. Can you prompt an LLM to output the high frequency control commands for a legged robot in varying terrain e.g. ashish-kmr.github.io/ RSS 2021, CoRL 2022 (this is by now 5 year old technology, so I am not picking a particularly hard task). I am not questioning the usefulness of LLMs for high level planning or in agentically assisting a robotics researcher (we use them all the time!).
37
76
15
927
90,221
Hengkai Pan retweeted
🤖 Excited to co-organize our #CoRL2026 Workshop on Bringing Physics Simulation and World Models Together for Robotic Manipulation! Come join us in Austin and submit your paper by Sept. 30! 🔗Website: corl26ws-physwm.github.io
🚀 Excited to announce our #CoRL2026 Workshop: Bringing Physics Simulation and World Models Together for Robotic Manipulation! corl26ws-physwm.github.io 🤖 We’ll explore a central question: How can insights from modern physics simulation help build world models for better physical reasoning and robotic control? 🎤 Thrilled to bring together an amazing lineup of invited speakers & panelists: Yuval Tassa (@yuvaltassa), Erwin Coumans (@erwincoumans), Yann LeCun (@ylecun), Yunzhu Li (@YunzhuLiYZ), Lucy Shi (@lucy_x_shi), and Sherry Yang (@sherryyangML) 📢 Call for Submissions! Submit your work to our #CoRL2026 Workshop! Papers up to 4 pages; dual submissions welcome. 🏆 $500 Best Paper Award. ⏰ Deadline: Sept. 30. Submit via ⁠OpenReview: openreview.net/group?id=robo… Join us in Austin! 🤖🌎 #CoRL2026 #WorldModels #PhysicsSimulation #RobotLearning #Robotics #EmbodiedAI #PhysicalAI #AI
5
26
2,005
Hengkai Pan retweeted
Introducing Atlas: The world's first multimodal world model that generates image and video frames with pixel-perfect camera control and reconstructs them in 3D. Model the world, move the camera, and simulate space & time.
773
3,486
1,535
32,391
10,856,222
🧑‍🏫 I am teaching an updated version of Intro to Robotics @Princeton this Fall! New this year: a revamped section on modern robot learning, along with the classics (planning, control, SLAM). Video lectures will be posted here: youtube.com/@intro-to-roboti… Notes, slides, assignments, projects here: irom-lab.princeton.edu/intro…
24
191
7
1,383
57,719
Hengkai Pan retweeted
New blog! I introduce the hierarchy filling intuition for representation learning across domains. The goal is to work towards applying what works in one domain to others, first by proposing some language that works between these domains. Specifically here, I introduce this intuition and consider if all scalable objectives somehow alike. I argue yes! We want scaling to better compose both higher level semantics, and the lower level abstractions which support them. In other words, an objective that biases towards filling the learned abstraction hierarchy as you scale is a scalable objective. I further argue LLMs which scale do exactly this, and SSL objectives which don't scale fail under this intuition by either: 1) Not biasing towards higher level semantics 2) Not learning good lower level abstractions jchencxh.github.io/blog/fill…
9
18
3
175
20,415
Hengkai Pan retweeted
Introducing S1, our new foundation model that learns from one example. It can be taught 10-minute long tasks that it has never seen before, from one video prompt without any fine-tuning. Watch S1 operate in real-time via in-context learning:
449
1,008
549
6,934
3,555,088
Very excited to be participating in this CoRL workshop! The intersection of world models and uncertainty quantification is a nascent area with lots of work that needs to be done.
Announcing Modeling Uncertainty in Robotic World Models Workshop at CoRL 2026. 📍 Austin, TX · Nov 12, 2026 📄 Submissions due Sept 23 (AoE) Learned world models are getting powerful. They're still bad at knowing what they don't know. 🧵
1
4
38
4,925
Hengkai Pan retweeted
[1/N] Large flow policies (e.g., VLAs) have become extremely popular, unlocking scalability. However, they come at a cost: the robot cannot react quickly. π𝐑² enables them to achieve reactive, real-time control.
10
38
3
139
26,297
Hengkai Pan retweeted
This is a robot failing to grasp a ball. Almost every robot lab produces clips like this daily… and almost all of them get thrown away. This is the most abundant but underused resource in robot learning. We’re collecting all of it now as ✨OopsieData✨, please join us!
26
43
16
309
75,168
Hengkai Pan retweeted
Introducing OpenDreamer, an open reproduction of Dreamer4. We supported @FrancescoSacco1, @martidiegom, and @edward_s_hu to build a frontier-level world model, and we've open-sourced everything: the model, the training code, and every hard-won lesson from building it.
36
155
29
1,342
1,092,419