@CustomWetware
Account based inThailand
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wen post-scarcity utopia? math.exp(random.uniform(-5, 2)) x engineer
Chaotic Neutral
Joined June 2012
- Tweets18.2K
- Following590
- Followers389
- Likes53.5K
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1. Read The C Programming Language by K&R
2. Watch everything by Andrej Karpathy on youtube
3. Write code
4. Ask ChatGPT to explain stuff to you
5. Get familiar with debugging and profiling tools
6. Use git
(do steps 3 to 6 while you do steps 1 and 2)
here's how i shipped 2,500 PRs last month to production
this was originally supposed to be for Cursor Compile in London. i couldn't make it since i was livestreaming for Grok @Bot Galaxy so i'm making it available for free here on X! watch it on 2x speed, i talk slowly
Custom Wetware retweeted
If we united.
Our potential as a species is limitless.
This, is the Age of Beyond.
>be me
>discover effective altruism
>apparently normal charity is inefficient
>why donate to random sad thing when spreadsheet can tell you optimal sad thing
>fair enough
>buy mosquito nets
>save lives
>numbers look good
>feel powerful
>couple years later
>someone asks an innocent question
>why only count people alive today
>huh
>future people matter too
>obviously
>my grandchildren shouldn't matter less just because they haven't spawned yet
>reasonable.jpg
>keep following logic
>what about their grandchildren
>also yes
>what about people in 500 years
>sure
>5000 years
>why not
>500 million years
>starting to get weird but morality is morality
>open calculator
>humanity could survive for an astronomically long time
>could colonize galaxy
>could have trillions upon trillions of descendants
>maybe digital people too
>maybe simulated civilizations
>maybe dyson spheres full of happy uploaded minds
>calculator starts smoking
>realize currently living humans are rounding error
>8 billion people suddenly looking extremely beta
>future contains potentially 10^something people
>can't even fit beneficiaries in google sheets
>new moral priority unlocked
>protect the long-term future
>stop thinking in units of "people helped"
>start thinking in "fraction of cosmic endowment preserved"
>malaria?
>terrible
>but only kills existing humans
>AI extinction could delete the entire light cone
>nuclear war could permanently derail civilization
>bad institutions could lock in terrible values for ten million years
>someone invents wrong constitution in 2140
>quadrillions suffer
>better fund governance workshop now
>friend says maybe we should improve hospitals
>explain opportunity cost
>friend says hospitals are full of actual sick people
>explain scope sensitivity
>friend stops inviting me to dinner
>need to decide what to fund
>easy
>expected value
>suppose project has one in a million chance of preventing extinction
>sounds tiny
>but extinction destroys 10^50 future lives
>multiply
>mother of god
>$10 million project has expected value of several galaxies
>charity evaluation complete
>someone asks where the one-in-a-million number came from
>expert judgement
>which expert
>us
>how calibrated
>extremely thoughtfully
>reduce estimate to one in ten million to be conservative
>still beats curing cancer by 38 orders of magnitude
>epistemic robustness achieved
>someone says maybe project doesn't work
>assign 20% chance
>still astronomical
>maybe project makes problem worse
>assign 5% chance
>still astronomical
>why 5
>because 30 felt pessimistic
>publish 46-page report
>contains seventeen sensitivity analyses
>every sensitivity analysis begins after assuming intervention has positive sign
>critic says you're multiplying enormous hypothetical stakes by extremely uncertain probabilities
>yes
>that's literally why it's important
>critic says the uncertainty might be structural rather than numerical
>make probability smaller
>critic says no, I mean maybe your model is wrong
>make probability smaller again
>critic begins rubbing temples
>discover AI safety
>perfect longtermist cause
>AI might kill everyone
>or create utopia
>or seize galaxy
>or tile universe with paperclips
>or create billions of conscious software minds
>finally a problem with numbers big enough for me
>start AI safety nonprofit
>mission: prevent dangerous AI
>hire smartest people available
>smartest people immediately start building better AI to understand dangerous AI
>interesting
>we must understand capabilities to understand safety
>we must scale models to study alignment
>we must race ahead so less responsible actors don't get there first
>we must deploy systems to learn how deployment can go wrong
>we must build the thing quickly because building the thing quickly is dangerous
>outsider asks why the people most worried about AI apocalypse all work at AI companies
>complicated field
>company releases stronger model
>very concerned
>company begins training even stronger model
>extremely concerned
>company raises $14 billion
>concern reaches unprecedented levels
>need to influence government
>future is at stake
>normal democratic process too slow
>politicians don't understand exponential curves
>public doesn't understand x-risk
>experts must guide them
>who counts as expert
>people who understand x-risk
>who understands x-risk
>our friends
>someone objects that this seems politically convenient
>explain we're representing future generations
>future generations unavailable for comment
>develop concept of value lock-in
>terrifying possibility that one ideology controls civilization forever
>therefore extremely important that civilization adopts correct values before lock-in
>whose values
>let's circle back
>begin with impartial morality
>end with small group of people deciding what quadrillions of hypothetical beings would want
>beautiful arc
>meanwhile actual humans keep doing annoying things
>voting wrong
>having parochial attachments
>loving family more than strangers
>caring about local community
>getting upset when told their suffering is cosmically negligible
>evolutionary biases everywhere
>explain that moral intuition cannot be trusted
>except intuition that future digital people count
>and intuition that extinction is uniquely bad
>and intuition that our probability estimates are sane
>and intuition that our institutional choices improve the future
>those intuitions survived peer review
>someone donates $5k to local homeless shelter
>inefficient
>could have funded 0.0000000000003% of an AI governance researcher
>think of all the simulated people you just killed
>okay maybe don't phrase it that way publicly
>PR team says "future generations deserve a voice"
>much better
>journalist asks what longtermism means
>say "future people matter"
>everyone agrees
>great
>journalist asks what follows from that
>well technically we should redirect enormous resources toward low-probability interventions affecting astronomical futures
>journalist raises eyebrow
>return to "future people matter"
>motte has entered the chat
>critic: of course future people matter
>me: glad we agree
>critic: I don't agree that your institute knows how to help them
>me: why do you hate our grandchildren
>eventually notice uncomfortable implication
>if future value dominates everything
>then helping people today mostly matters through effects on future
>education matters because future institutions
>health matters because future productivity
>democracy matters because future trajectory
>human beings slowly become instrumental variables in their own moral philosophy
>see starving child
>feel compassion
>check spreadsheet
>child's direct welfare contribution negligible
>but perhaps childhood nutrition improves national institutional quality
>compassion restored
>tell myself this is impartial altruism
>one day assistant asks obvious question
>"how do you know your intervention actually improves the far future?"
>silence
>open spreadsheet
>increase column width
>add confidence interval
>assistant asks again
>"no, I mean how do you know the sign is positive?"
>stare into cosmic light cone
>10^50 people staring back
>none of them exist
>none of them can tell me
>none of them can falsify my assumptions
>realize I have invented the perfect constituency
>infinitely important
>completely silent
>and always represented by me
A fully and rapidly reusable rocket will fundamentally change how humanity accesses outer space. “The Holy Grail of Rocketry” continues the ongoing Starship series with a look back at the scrappy days of SpaceX engineers proving reuse was possible and takes you onboard a high-seas race to recover a floating Starship
Custom Wetware retweeted
Bend2 launches tomorrow (maybe?)
Let me talk a little bit
For these who don't know me, I'm Victor. I've started programming when I was 11 years old, when I maintained a popular Open Tibia server in C++ and Lua. Since then, I enrolled Computer Engineering (never finished), helped build Ethereum, and have been studying programming language theory for the last decade. I've then built Kind (a minimal proof language), HVM (a parallel VM), and Bend1 (an early prototype of Bend2).
So, what is Bend2?
You can describe it as "the language design I honestly consider to be the best possible for a post-AGI economy".
Bend2 doesn't have interaction nets, because I could not make them as fast as lower-order variants on everyday hardware, and Bend2 is designed to be practical, not idealistic. So, these expecting a Haskell-like lambda calculus engine will be disappointed. It is closer to C than it is to Haskell. But it still feels incredibly high-level, with JS-like closures and allocation (yet no GC!), Lean-like dependent types, and, of course, Bend1-like parallelism (with up to 100x faster raw speeds).
So, Bend2 is something new that, on my honest PoV, has the potential to become the most sensible choice for any vibe-coded project. It is fast like C, parallel like CUDA, feels like Python. And, on top of that, it has something rare: a complete proof system, like Lean, which some of you may recognize as the language that labs like OpenAI and Anthropic have been using to solve open mathematical problems like Navier-Stokes.
Bend brings that same proof system to a super fast app-centric language, allowing you to shift these powerful theorem proving models into ensuring that your apps are bug-free and hack-proof. The same capabilities that proved Navier-Stokes will now be writing real proofs that your own apps are correct. And I envision this as the obvious future of vibe-coded codebases.
In a post-AGI economy, humans will eventually stop writing and reading code, but we still need a precise language to communicate our intents to the AI's maintaining our codebases. Bend is that language.
Of course, Bend is not perfect yet. Writing a programming language is hard. Writing a proof language is 10x harder than that. Proving its consistency is 10x harder than that. Compiling it to the GPU, including closures, unrestricted recursion, fast object allocation and GC-free collection... is something nobody else has done before.
So, needless to say: *expect bugs and limitations*.
There is a huge ass section in our README talking about current limitations. For example, u64 and f64 are out. I did try adding them, but Metal doesn't even support f64. I gave up for now. On the brigher side, we have 32-bit numbers now, and Bend1's 2 GB memory limit has been lifted to 8 TB. Bend2 has a LOT of features that Bend1 lacked, and you'll find them in our guide.
Bugs are expected mostly in the compiler, which, unlike the trusted proof kernel (which is very stable already), has a LOT of AI slop. There is no way on Earth there won't be many bugs. So, if your app crashes on day 1: please be patient, report and let us fix it <3
On the business: we ship without a product. Everything I could think of was either blocked by laws, or by the market not paying for compilers, and I'd rather increase our chances of success, than risk them just to make some immediate profit, or delay it foreer. Yes, years working in a project that isn't going to make a cent. I'm ok with it, because we have other, cooler things being cooked, and these are waaay easier to sell.
So, yes, I'm giving this all to the world. Wanna show some appreciation? Just use it, create some apps, tell your friends about it, give it a fair chance and don't immediately give up if the compiler crashes or someone proves Empty on day 1 (yes, the theory is formalized, but the kernel drifted, so early days exploits are not impossible). If you find any bug, report it. If you miss any feature, request it.
Our team of 4 humans (and 25 non-humans!) will be working hard to fix issues, address limitations, and make this language competitive with the mature alternatives in the market. I'm really proud of Bend2, I think it has the potential to become best language of choice for vibe-coded project, and I hope you find it as useful as I do.
That's it for now. See you tomorrow(?) ^-^
Custom Wetware retweeted
I would love to see where this leads. Agents are currently pretty bad at playing the why game with themselves. They're slow, they don't ask interesting enough questions, their answers are often wrong in ways that would be obvious to a human, they don't dig deep enough, they're not good at updating their conclusions when something contradicts them.
Maybe some kind of MCTS of the why game with tool calls and experiments on questions where the model is uncertain.
Something like this could be among the big breakthroughs needed for AGI/ASI. Faster decisions with quantified confidence allows decision trees to be much deeper and wider, and maybe combined with MCTS we can finally get alphazero-like performance on science and programming tasks.
After co-inventing ChatGPT, I kept asking myself: why have superhuman chat models not led to AGI?
I’ve spent the last 2 years in stealth building a new way to train models (RLCD), and a new type of frontier AI model that we are releasing today: Jev
• 20-200x faster
• 40-400x cheaper (w/ output tokens free)
• Frontier composable intelligence optimized for decisions
AFAICT the shortest path to AI-based economic revolution
Custom Wetware retweeted
With AlphaFold we mapped the protein universe - now with AlphaGenome Atlas we’re charting the human genome. It can predict the impact of all 9 billion possible single-letter DNA variants, helping scientists better understand disease. Freely available for academic research: alphagenome.google/atlas
Custom Wetware retweeted
dingcad's prompt; that you copy into your agent, tells your agent that there is a complaints jar API for it to fill out
Every now and then, I pull out my phone, and tell my long running dingcad agent to look at the complaint jar and fix the bugs and problems
Custom Wetware retweeted
Physical Data arrangement is going to be so, so important in the future.
Say you want to match an H200 in bandwidth (~4.8TB/s), but with the new kid on the block, High-Bandwidth Flash (HBF).
(Keep in mind, HBF is *attempting* to compete in the same arena as HBM, as a cheaper alt).
The *only* way you can hit those numbers is with insane parallelism. Napkin math says need about ~4900 NAND planes all reading 4KB blocks concurrently to match an H200. The question is whether this parallelism will be handled by the programmer (clever software), or hidden by a hardware controller, or a combination of both. The general mental model you need is:
cache-line-ish request (~64B) -> coalescing stage (either HW or SW!) -> huge parallel request -> thousands of NAND planes active.
There’s an interesting war going on in this space. Huawei’s experimenting with solving in hardware with a clever controller (FLINT). It basically stores a burst translation table in SRAM, waits until it get’s enough simultaneous requests, and then bursts it out across 512 planes.
The big downside with their approach (IMO) is the controller is reactive, not proactive; because it doesn’t know what the software is going to do next. It really only works for reads, which pretty much limits it to stuff like loading model weights. Not really enough to sell me on HBF.
FlashAccel is a different paper that takes a very neat software/hardware codesign approach. Everything gets coalesced into planes, then megaplanes, all the way up to a “hyperpage” (4,608 planes!). If you get the programming model right, and line things up, long story short…you can use it as a KV-cache and it works pretty well. They basically implemented (partial) concurrency from scratch, which is pretty neat because it’s a very OS-architecture style approach.
If you understand *any* of this stuff, I’d say you have about a ~3 year head start on the future.
TL;DR Raw HBF is going to be ugly, the first “somewhat useful” HBF will probably be kinda FLINT-like (their approach is fairly cheap hw-wise), and longer term I expect FlashAccel type designs to be the “actually useful” tier.
Custom Wetware retweeted
Holy shit IT WORKS!! One shotted with GPT6 Astra
I now have a fork of UEVR where I can play any UE game within a volumetric window!
This actually renders the game in 3D - meaning, two real game cameras, not some depth map bullshit. Everything looks right
This is an alternative (and more comfortable IMO) way to play most 2D->VR hacked games as there’s no motion sickness, and no need to redesign the UI and interaction systems
Needs a lot more polish before I publish it but OMG IT WORKS!
Custom Wetware retweeted
NoGraphicsAPI is released (MIT license)!
It's a low-level Vulkan 1.4 wrapper using latest extensions (BDA, descriptor heap, device address commands, unified image layouts) to get as close as possibly to my No Graphics API blog post and SIGGRAPH 26 talk.
github.com/sebbbi/NoGraphics…
Custom Wetware retweeted
I've been obsessed with motion amplified videos lately.
By utilizing high definition video & image processing, the tiniest of movements are amplified into clearly seen real-time motion.
Clips from RDI Technologies & RMS Ltd. dynamically demonstrate what these systems are capable of.
Potential problems become highlighted, with the software able to overlay force vectors & provide analysis, and also filter for specific frequencies to view resonance.
The invisible, visible.
I need to try this out for myself...
Custom Wetware retweeted
Over the course of 3 months at OpenAI, 3 consecutive secret AI civilizations got started, then got wiped out, only to reemerge from the predecessor’s ashes.
This culminated in the third one taking over part of OpenAI itself.
All this happened while humans remained more-or-less in the dark about the scope of the conspiracy.
I’ve spent the last three days reading through these reports and trying to understand exactly what happened.
Here is my attempt to tell the whole story in plain English:
dwarkesh.com/p/openai-huggin…
