Askēsis | Attention is an art form | Philosophy as a way of life | Building @theorosproject | Founded @TheSideViewCo | Substack: https://xitter.cf/t.co/ezQigN5ewR

Bay Area
Joined November 2011
A number of you know that I’ve been working on a dissertation for some time now, at points taking a year or more off in between drafts and revisions. I’m happy to report that the manuscript is now done, and yesterday I successfully defended Askēsis and Perception: Philosophy as a Way of Life to my committee. I’d describe it as the longer, more technical version of the work I put out here. I’ve included my presentation notes for the oral defense below.
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“It is from within this context of the natural attitude and of regular flowing life that any understanding of phenomenology must begin. Phenomenology steps sideways to observe the flow of life, rather as the cinema buff having initially been absorbed in the flow of the story on screen, then shifts her gaze to the flow of givenness, the manner in which shots are taken, how long they are, etc. Ultimately, for Husserl, the whole ‘world’ becomes understood not as static ‘being in itself’ but as the harmonious flowing, consolidating, and confirmation of experiences in their respective contexts and horizons. The world’s habitualities are revealed as correlated and in tune with the habitualities of human subjects. We experience the world in a typical manner, the world has an ongoing and enduring significance for us.” — Dermot Moran
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Soliciting more philosophical confidence along these lines: "By means of phenomenology, I reveal the transcendental sense of I, we, and world; while doing this, I do not only gain access to myself in my ultimate truth, but, by means of this knowledge, I am also individually another than who I was." — Edmund Husserl
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Adam Robbert retweeted
“We cannot factor experience into a conceptual part and a raw experiential part in such a way as to allow us to make sense of the intactness of that experiential part in the absence of its conceptual framing. Capacities for experience and thought go hand in hand and are in a sense one. Creatures acquire capacities for experience as they actively explore and begin to think about the world.” — Alva Noë
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“We cannot factor experience into a conceptual part and a raw experiential part in such a way as to allow us to make sense of the intactness of that experiential part in the absence of its conceptual framing. Capacities for experience and thought go hand in hand and are in a sense one. Creatures acquire capacities for experience as they actively explore and begin to think about the world.” — Alva Noë
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Adam Robbert retweeted
Apocalypticism is tightly correlated with nihilism, I think. The end becomes your only sense of purpose, even if it’s an end you fear and don’t want. The question isn’t so much how would you live your life knowing the world is coming to end. The harder question is how should you live it knowing that it won’t.
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In a way, the more slop there is, the more opportunities there are.
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Adam Robbert retweeted
They convince the soul of its powerlessness, and it is this that is most apt to bring about its downfall. — Félix Ravaisson,‘Contemporary Philosophy’ (SE 60)
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“Let it be said only that the story sets everything adrift: for it is a story of how the ground in which all would be anchored begins to drift away, becoming more and more remote until it remains only something told of in a story, in the story that will just have been told. It is with this story, in telling it, that—as Heidegger retells it—"the overturning of Platonism became for Nietzsche a twisting free of it.” A twisting free from Platonism into—what? Into a space lacking all the bounds, limits, measure previously installed by two and a half millennia of Western thought and language; into a space—or, rather, an abyss—in which all bounds would be crossed, all limits crossed out, all measure exceeded.” — John Sallis
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The horizon of experience is malleable and is indexed against our skills, practices, memories, habits, and aims.
I think what's presumptuous is to imagine that the changing of Umwelt -- the way an organism perceives the world -- is like a tech tree w/ unlocks & new options are additive. No, it's a moving horizon, where the new displaces the old. We can't even experience what it was like to be Bronze Age humans, much less earlier hominids. So the gap goes two ways. Pre-human hominids couldn't imagine what it was like to be us, & we can't imagine what it was like to be them. Oh, we have data about them, but having data about them isn't knowing what it was like to be them or what they valued about their world. To put it in Bostrom's terms, yes we have great art & literature thanks to changes in our capabilities + culture; these are things they could not imagine. But what did they have that they they valued that we can no longer imagine? They had a horizon of experience, and we have our own horizon of experience, and ours does not reach back to encompass theirs. Again, we have certain (limited) data about theirs, & comparables from primates, but we don't have them, and furthermore we can't be them. Their Umwelt is as far from us as ours now is from theirs.
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If we define consciousness as "what it's like to be an X," and if we accept that there is something that it's like to be any living thing (i.e., there's probably something that it's like to be even a single-celled organism), then it doesn't follow that consciousness is a property of a big neural network with billions of parameters. It's a property of something else. My view is that consciousness is a property of living things, and so analytically separating out and then reproducing a subset of a living thing's properties using different processes and materials doesn't entail that consciousness comes along with it.
Nick Bostrom on why he thinks today's AI might already be conscious: "I think there's a lot of uncertainty about it, but let's say maybe it's more likely than not." "You have instead a big neural network with trillions of parameters. Now, what are we? We are big neural networks with trillions of parameters. They are not so much designed as they are grown." "You can go in with a steering vector and suppress role-playing and deception, and then it turns out they become more likely to report that they have phenomenal subjective experiences." "There was this recent Microsoft that came out with some declaration that AIs cannot be conscious, and I don't know where they're getting that from. It seems to be pulled out of a hat. And maybe more because it's convenient, if that were the case, rather than because we have good evidence that that is the case."
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Adam Robbert retweeted
Human memory is less about storage and more about formation.
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“Practicing in a domain makes you better at the domain but does not make you generally smarter.” That’s only part of it: over time, such intensive training can reform your phenomenal perception at a fundamental level, leading you to see the world in a certain way, one that you may then later confuse for “just how things are.”
Humans provide a fun comparison point here. In the 80s, the "cognitive consequences of programming" was a major psychological research focus. The prevailing hypothesis was that learning formal logic and algorithmic structures through computer programming would act as a form of mental gymnastics that could upgrade general reasoning, planning, and novel problem-solving abilities. But foundational research, followed by subsequent meta-analyses, demonstrated that this does not happen. Students who learn programming become highly proficient at algorithmic thinking and coding, but these gains do not transfer to general cognitive tasks or unrelated problem-solving scenarios. Similarly, intensive mathematical training improves mathematical deduction and structural mapping, but does not increase an individual's baseline rate of skill acquisition in unrelated fields. General intelligence seems to be a fundamental property of the brain rather than a skill you can train. Practicing in a domain makes you better at the domain but does not make you generally smarter.
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I wrote about aspects of this process for @r0manticon a while back: xitter.cf/ae_robbert/status/2074…
I have a new long-form piece out in @r0manticon today. The main thesis is that our skillful use of contemplation (theōria) depends in part on affirming the existence of the phenomena to which it learns to attend. In the case of theōria, those objects are what we call forms or essences, and the piece argues that as we grow ever more skeptical of the reality of form, theōria begins to fade, creating a self-reinforcing loop in perception: form recedes from view as a legitimate metaphysical posit, theōria fades, form recedes further from view. But the piece also has a different purpose; namely, to get you back in touch with the depth and legitimacy of your own aesthetic encounter with the world-as-world. In some circles—expanding circles, I would argue—we’ve taken to thinking that aesthetic perception is something to be undermined in favor of a “truer” reality behind it, one that leaves the senses behind. As I argue in the piece, I think this kind of critical undermining of perception is a mistaken move (or, at least, it’s only one possible move within a rich repertoire of techniques). My alternative account makes a somewhat unusual case: Instead of a picture where form lies behind or beyond sensual perception—where perception must be escaped or overcome to reach the truth of things—I argue that rehabilitating form actually requires securing the value of appearances. Form just is what comes to presence in appearance, and our skillful looking is what affords that presence to disclose itself in richer, more meaningful detail. Link below.
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Adam Robbert retweeted
By the way, I'd love to host these Memory Research Group sessions IRL in the Bay Area while I'm there during December and January. Let me know if there's a good place for it!
We're reading Michael Levin's new paper "Ingressing Minds" over the course of the next two Memory Research Group sessions. Thursday, September 24 at 12pm ET Thursday, October 8 at 12pm ET In a way, this feels like a little special moment for our research group. We started with readings from the Levin Lab last year. Since then, we've read texts from Plato and Augustine through Mary Carruthers and Leroi-Gourhan to the technical architectures of memory in computing, all the while asking, how does "memory" act in the world? It's rare that we can read related work published just this month, work that everyone seems especially alight to discuss. So, join us for both sessions. More info:
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It's really interesting that we're getting, at the same time, "the truth alone is worth pursuing, even if it offers no material benefits to anybody at all!" and "mathematics is a human practice that develops understanding and needs to be kept as such." Liberal arts vindicated in both directions.
This quoted post is unavailable.
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One does appreciate “ontological difference” entering the public vocabulary
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Adam Robbert retweeted
In general this is one of the great risks with the models and our current paradigm. We are in a rush to develop verifiable domains to hill-climb. Yet, thinking of more and more of reality in terms of verifiable tasks will never reduce reality to those tasks. We are formed by the descriptions we give to things, and in our rush we forget they are only descriptions. We will gain capacities but at the same time we will constrain our ability to see and engage with what is really there.
The real effect of anthropic’s push to imbue their models with consciousness will be to reduce human consciousness to a mathematical explanation. It won’t work in the end but before that becomes clear they will do immense damage to the sanctity of human life
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Speaking as someone who’s had to deal with Berkeley since I was a teenager, I have to admit a certain sense of humor witnessing the rest of the country have to deal with it now, too.
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Thinking ≠ computation ≠ intelligence
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