
Infrastructure and developer tools for real-time voice, video, and AI. @trydaily // ᓚᘏᗢ // @pipecat_ai
San Francisco, CA
Joined September 2008
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Introducing PhoneLLM, an open model for voice agents.
GPT 5.6 Terra performance on typical voice agent tasks at 1/3 the latency and 1/18 the cost.
For voice agents, we need models that are both very low latency and very good at tool calling and instruction following.
There's a trade-off here, and we often have to compromise on either latency or capability when building voice agents. With PhoneLLM (and the training and data stack that made this model possible) we're fixing this problem.
For the last couple of years, most of the effort in frontier model development has gone towards leveraging test-time compute. Which is awesome! Models of all shapes and sizes are available that perform really, really well ... if you have "thinking" turned on for your model.
But if you need your agent to respond at voice conversation speed, you can't use thinking models.
PhoneLLM is a full-weights fine-tune of NVIDIA Nemotron Nano 30B. We trained on a wide range of real-world telephone and customer support use cases. The training focused on taking the excellent Nano 30B base capabilities and teaching the model to do typical voice agent tasks with thinking disabled.
The results are really good: accurate tool calling and concise, on-topic responses in long conversations.
And fast: TTFAT measured server-side is <100ms if you run PhoneLLM on a lightly loaded B200. :-)
But seriously, when we characterize model latency, we do it with full, end-to-end, batched request simulations using real Pipecat voice agent pipelines.
You can serve more than 80 concurrent agents on a single B200 with P95 end-to-end TTFAT <600ms. Including network overhead. That's an LLM cost-per-minute around $0.0025. (1/4 of a cent.) At a latency lower than any third-party API offers today.
More details about this model, including weights on @huggingface, how to spin it up with one click on Modal, and a starter project repo you can clone, are in the thread ...
Deepgram is hosting a voice agents developer conference in San Francisco on October 29th. I'm speaking at the conference, we have some fun Pipecat announcements to make, and lots of friends are either attending, or speaking, or both.
I figured this was an opportunity to record some conversations with people in the voice AI ecosystem about what they're interested in right now, what they're talking about at Speak, and what's new since we last caught up.
@bnicholehopkins, founder of @covaldev, has been building simulation and testing tools for voice agents since 2024. Before Coval, Brooke worked on simulation tooling at Waymo.
Brooke and I riffed about how deployments of enterprise voice AI are growing incredibly fast right now, how we think about building with open source components and models, applying systems engineering principles to agentic AI development, and aiming for "self-improving agent loops."
I've been experimenting with prompting Opus to create motion graphics and video effects. A discerning 11-year old of my acquaintance called the result, here, "kind of cringe." But I kind of like it. See what you think. :-)
Come hang out at Deepgram Speak with Brooke and me on October 29th: deepgram.com/speak
Fast is better than slow.
We've got two new PhoneLLM models optimized for conversational voice AI.
PhoneLLM Mini (30B) — When you need the lowest possible latency (sub-100ms TTFAT), smallest model size, and lowest cost. Good multi-turn conversation behavior and tool-calling accuracy in a model that can run >100 concurrent agents on a B200 and fits on an RTX 5090.
PhoneLLM Max (120B) — A "microthinking" model for complex conversational tasks. Sub-200ms TTFAT. SOTA task completion performance at 1/10th the latency and cost of models with similar capabilities.
Both of these models are full-weights fine-tunes of @NVIDIAAI Nemotron models. Mini is based on Nemotron 3 Nano. Max is based on the brand new Nemotron 3.5 Super VL.
Both of these models are available as open weights on HuggingFace, and from four inference partners: AWS, Baseten, Cloudflare, and Modal.
PhoneLLM Mini Workers AI API endpoint on @Cloudflare:
developers.cloudflare.com/ai…
PhoneLLM in your workspace on Modal:
Mini - modal.com/endpoints?model=pi…
Max - modal.com/endpoints?model=pi…
Joe Nemotron posting in all caps today.
I have spent a *lot* of time tinkering with the new Nemotron 3.5 Super VL and can confirm that it's a meaningful step up in performance for the 120B (12B active) category.
As always with Nemotron models, it's a great base for custom post-training/fine-tuning because NVIDIA releases the training recipes and most of the model's training data as open source. This is very helpful in iterating on, for example, synthetic data generation during fine-tuning. (A typical question during fine-tuning is "do I want to generate a bunch of data for this particular metric or mix in data the model saw in pre-training?")
This model also has vision capabilities. I'm looking forward to seeing @skalskip92's analysis of how the "VL" in Nemotron Super 3.5 VL compares to other recent models.
I'll be at Deepgram Speak on October 29th with 500 or so new and old friends who build voice AI agents and applications. As mini embedded Pipecat and I were just discussing, I'm really excited about Deepgram Speak.
We're working on some very fun Pipecat stuff for the conference. If you're interested in models for realtime AI, building production voice agents, or what the future holds for voice and AI-native software, please join us in San Francisco.
Going live in 5 minutes!
We have some fun voice AI stuff to talk about on the @NVIDIAAI Nemotron Labs livestream tomorrow: fine-tuning audio and LLM models for specific agents and use cases. Join us live if you want to chat and ask questions. 10:00am Pacific Time on Tuesday.
Add to your calendar: addevent.com/event/hw3jdk22w…
Direct link to the event on YouTube: youtube.com/watch?v=F_glNmFP…
More multi-model voice AI demos from Jon: this time a tiny bi-directional encoder model in the Pipecat pipeline that runs on CPU fast enough to be in the main voice loop. Fun fact: you can train a classifier model like this in less than 10 minutes on a modern GPU. (If you have the right data set. All ML problems are data problems.)
I’m obsessed with using tiny classifier models in Pipecat agents. This one, Audience, is a ~33M-param ONNX model built on Ettin that works out who each line in a scene is for. It uses names, descriptions, nearby items and where people are standing, and it can pick one character, several, the whole group, or return "unclear" if you're like me and talk jibberish.
It runs in ~6–7 ms on CPU and slots nicely into a Pipecat pipeline. Multi-character agents are really fun!
Weights here: huggingface.co/spellspeak/au…
I really like the Bland Speech v3 voice model from Bland, and a lot of other people do too! It's currently the top realtime TTS model on the Design Arena Audio Realism ranking, which is a tournament-style benchmark in which actual people judge which model sounds more human.
The model is also quite fast. In my evals, I'm seeing ~200ms P50 time-to-first-speech and 400ms P95. That's top 5 among the ~20 text-to-speech models I monitor.
Sometimes, choosing a voice for your Pipecat agent is about more than just latency. It might be about personality, accent, or how convincingly a voice fits the situation.
We explore voice realism with @usebland Speech v3, available in Pipecat as a maintained service.
📖 docs.pipecat.ai/api-referenc…
This is awesome. Multi-character interactions in Unreal Engine, completely LLM-driven and unscripted. You can spin your own version of this up pretty easily.
This is another Pipecat + Jev experiment from @JonPTaylor.
Watch Jon walk around the game world, talk to the characters, and ask them to do things. They interact with Jon, with each other, and with the world.
Tech stack:
- One Pipecat agent process syncing state with Unreal via the Pipecat RTVI protocol.
- Three non-player characters. Each character is a Pipecat worker with its own LLM prompt and tools. Each character also has its own TTS service so its voice is unique.
- When Jon (the human) talks, Jev assesses Jon's intent and which character(s) he is talking to.
- Unreal 5.8 with Spatial Audio. (Watch the video with headphones on!)
- Pipecat C++ client embedded in Unreal Engine.
If you're building voice agents and deploying on AWS, it's worth keeping up with the really good technical content that AWS solutions architects are publishing.
Here's a new blog post that walks through deploying Deepgram STT and TTS models in your private cloud on AWS.
Sagemaker is AWS's platform for GPU-based workloads. Deepgram models fully support Sagemaker deployments, and use a feature set called "Sagemaker bidirectional" for low-latency, streaming connections to the models.
We helped build the original Sagemaker bidirectional reference implementations in Pipecat, so there's excellent Pipecat support for these AWS capabilities.
Blog post: aws.amazon.com/aws-startups/…
Code repo: github.com/aws-solutions-lib…








